Anders Bryn

• Nilsen, Erlend Birkeland; Braastad, Bjarne Olai; Dale, Svein; Dervo, Børre Kind; Kausrud, Kyrre Linné & Kirkendall, Lawrence Richard [Vis alle 18 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Assessment of the risks posed by domestic cats (Felis catus) to biodiversity and animal welfare in Norway. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biodiversity of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. 2023(23), s. 1–228. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  VKM has evaluated to what extent keeping of cats pose a risk to biodiversity in Norway. Risks were assessed separately for threats to biodiversity from direct predation, indirect (non-lethal) effects, competition with other wildlife and spread of infectious organisms. VKM also assessed the risk of reduced animal welfare related to the keeping of domestic cats, both for the cats and their prey. In addition, VKM has assessed a range of risk-reducing measures aimed at minimizing the risk for negative impacts on biodiversity and animal welfare. Overall, VKM find that the risk of negative impact on vulnerable birds and red-listed mammalian species are high under certain conditions. VKM also find that there is a considerable risk associated with increased spread of infectious organisms from cats to wildlife and other domestic species. Some of these infectious organisms may also infect humans. With respect to mitigation measures, VKM concludes that measures focused on limiting cats’ access to prey populations are likely to yield the most positive outcomes in terms of mitigating the adverse impact on biodiversity.

• Wang, You-Ren; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard; Stordal, Frode; Bryn, Anders & Hessen, Dag Olav (2023). Past and future trends of diurnal temperature range and their correlation with vegetation assessed by MODIS and CMIP6. Science of the Total Environment. ISSN 0048-9697. 904. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166727.
• Pirk, Norbert; Aalstad, Kristoffer; Yilmaz, Yeliz A.; Vatne, Astrid; Popp, Andrea & Horvath, Peter [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Snow-vegetation-atmosphere interactions in alpine tundra. Biogeosciences. ISSN 1726-4170. 20(11), s. 2031–2047. doi: 10.5194/bg-20-2031-2023. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The interannual variability of snow cover in alpine areas is increasing, which may affect the tightly coupled cycles of carbon and water through snow–vegetation–atmosphere interactions across a range of spatio-temporal scales. To explore the role of snow cover for the land–atmosphere exchange of CO2 and water vapor in alpine tundra ecosystems, we combined 3 years (2019–2021) of continuous eddy covariance flux measurements of the net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) and evapotranspiration (ET) from the Finse site in alpine Norway (1210 m a.s.l.) with a ground-based ecosystem-type classification and satellite imagery from Sentinel-2, Landsat 8, and MODIS. While the snow conditions in 2019 and 2021 can be described as site typical, 2020 features an extreme snow accumulation associated with a strong negative phase of the Scandinavian pattern of the synoptic atmospheric circulation during spring. This extreme snow accumulation caused a 1-month delay in melt-out date, which falls in the 92nd percentile in the distribution of yearly melt-out dates in the period 2001–2021. The melt-out dates follow a consistent fine-scale spatial relationship with ecosystem types across years. Mountain and lichen heathlands melt out more heterogeneously than fens and flood plains, while late snowbeds melt out up to 1 month later than the other ecosystem types. While the summertime average normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was reduced considerably during the extreme-snow year 2020, it reached the same maximum as in the other years for all but one of the ecosystem types (late snowbeds), indicating that the delayed onset of vegetation growth is compensated to the same maximum productivity. Eddy covariance estimates of NEE and ET are gap-filled separately for two wind sectors using a random forest regression model to account for complex and nonlinear ecohydrological interactions. While the two wind sectors differ markedly in vegetation composition and flux magnitudes, their flux response is controlled by the same drivers as estimated by the predictor importance of the random forest model, as well as by the high correlation of flux magnitudes (correlation coefficient r=0.92 for NEE and r=0.89 for ET) between both areas. The 1-month delay of the start of the snow-free season in 2020 reduced the total annual ET by 50 % compared to 2019 and 2021 and reduced the growing-season carbon assimilation to turn the ecosystem from a moderate annual carbon sink (−31 to −6 gC m−2 yr−1) to a source (34 to 20 gC m−2 yr−1). These results underpin the strong dependence of ecosystem structure and functioning on snow dynamics, whose anomalies can result in important ecological extreme events for alpine ecosystems.

• Kirkendall, Lawrence Richard; Bryn, Anders; Flø, Daniel; Malmstrøm, Martin; Velle, Gaute & Berg, Paul Ragnar [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Assessment of the risk to Norwegian biodiversity from private import and keeping of Northern Cardinal. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biodiversity of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. 2023(18), s. 1–87. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  VKM has evaluated the risk to biodiversity from allowing private import and keeping of the Northern Cardinal as a caged bird in Norway, for birds acquired through the bird trade. VKM has reviewed the invasion ecology of non-native birds in general and of the Northern Cardinal specifically. The assessment includes evaluation of various mechanisms that invasive birds generally have a negative impact through, and includes competition, hybridization, spread of pathogens and interactions with other alien species in Norway. VKM has also evaluated two different scenarios establishment and how climate change can influence both the negative impact and the likelihood of establishment. Overall, VKM finds that there is low risk in regards negative effects on biodiversity in Norway in regard to import and keeping of the Northern Cardinal.

• Keetz, Lasse Torben; Lieungh, Eva; Karimi-Asli, Kaveh; Geange, Sonya Rita; Gelati, Emiliano & Tang, Hui [Vis alle 24 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Climate–ecosystem modelling made easy: The Land Sites Platform. Global Change Biology. ISSN 1354-1013. 29(15), s. 4440–4452. doi: 10.1111/gcb.16808. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs) provide a state-of-the-art process-based approach to study the complex interplay between vegetation and its physical environment. For example, they help to predict how terrestrial plants interact with climate, soils, disturbance and competition for resources. We argue that there is untapped potential for the use of DGVMs in ecological and ecophysiological research. One fundamental barrier to realize this potential is that many researchers with relevant expertize (ecology, plant physiology, soil science, etc.) lack access to the technical resources or awareness of the research potential of DGVMs. Here we present the Land Sites Platform (LSP): new software that facilitates single-site simulations with the Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator, an advanced DGVM coupled with the Community Land Model. The LSP includes a Graphical User Interface and an Application Programming Interface, which improve the user experience and lower the technical thresholds for installing these model architectures and setting up model experiments. The software is distributed via version-controlled containers; researchers and students can run simulations directly on their personal computers or servers, with relatively low hardware requirements, and on different operating systems. Version 1.0 of the LSP supports site-level simulations. We provide input data for 20 established geo-ecological observation sites in Norway and workflows to add generic sites from public global datasets. The LSP makes standard model experiments with default data easily achievable (e.g., for educational or introductory purposes) while retaining flexibility for more advanced scientific uses. We further provide tools to visualize the model input and output, including simple examples to relate predictions to local observations. The LSP improves access to land surface and DGVM modelling as a building block of community cyberinfrastructure that may inspire new avenues for mechanistic ecosystem research across disciplines.

• Naas, Adam Eindride; Halvorsen, Rune; Horvath, Peter; Wollan, Anders Kvalvåg; Bratli, Harald & Brynildsrud, Katrine Marie [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). What explains inconsistencies in field-based ecosystem mapping? Applied Vegetation Science. ISSN 1402-2001. 26(1). doi: 10.1111/avsc.12715. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Questions Field-based ecosystem mapping is prone to observer bias, typically resulting in a mismatch between maps made by different mappers, that is, inconsistency. Experimental studies testing the influence of site, mapping scale, and differences in experience level on inconsistency in field-based ecosystem mapping are lacking. Here, we study how inconsistencies in field-based ecosystem maps depend on these factors. Location Iškoras and Guollemuorsuolu, northeastern Norway, and Landsvik and Lygra, western Norway. Methods In a balanced experiment, four sites were field-mapped wall-to-wall to scales 1:5000 and 1:20,000 by 12 mappers, representing three experience levels. Thematic inconsistency was calculated by overlay analysis of map pairs from the same site, mapped to the same scale. We tested for significant differences between sites, scales, and experience-level groups. Principal components analysis was used in an analysis of additional map inconsistencies and their relationships with site, scale and differences in experience level and time consumption were analysed with redundancy analysis. Results On average, thematic inconsistency was 51%. The most important predictor for thematic inconsistency, and for all map inconsistencies, was site. Scale and its interaction with site predicted map inconsistencies, but only the latter were important for thematic inconsistency. The only experience-level group that differed significantly from the mean thematic inconsistency was that of the most experienced mappers, with nine percentage points. Experience had no significant effect on map inconsistency as a whole. Conclusion Thematic inconsistency was high for all but the dominant thematic units, with potentially adverse consequences for mapping ecosystems that are fragmented or have low coverage. Interactions between site and mapping system properties are considered the main reasons why no relationships between scale and thematic inconsistency were observed. More controlled experiments are needed to quantify the effect of other factors on inconsistency in field-based mapping.

• Järnegren, Johanna; Gulliksen, Bjørn; Husa, Vivian; Malmstrøm, Martin; Oug, Eivind & Berg, Paul Ragnar [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Assessment of risk and risk-reducing measures related to the introduction and dispersal of the invasive alien carpet tunicate Didemnum vexillum in Norway. . VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. 2023(7), s. 1–124. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Didemnum vexillum is colonial sea squirt, a marine species which originates from the northwest Pacific; it was first recorded in Norway in November 2020. Didemnum vexillum is an alien species, meaning that it is a species that has been transferred from its original region to other regions of the world through human activity, and it had not previously been recorded in Norwegian waters. The species is regarded as having great invasive potential and having strong negative ecological effects on biodiversity. It is also considered to pose a risk to marine industries such as shipping and aquaculture, with possible major negative economic impacts.

• Nielsen, Anders; Kirkendall, Lawrence Richard; Stenberg, Johan A.; Wendell, Per Hans Micael; Berg, Paul Ragnar & Bryn, Anders [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Bruk av rovmidden Stratiolaelaps scimitus mot varroamidd i bigårder. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. 2023(6), s. 1–29. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Nøkkelord: Biologisk kontroll, birøkt, varroa, rovmidd, risikovurdering, Vitenskapskomiteen for mat og miljø, Miljødirektoratet Innledning Miljødirektoratet har bedt Vitenskapskomiteen for mat og miljø (VKM) om en vurdering av mulige negative effekter på biologisk mangfold ved innføring av rovmidden Stratiolaelaps scimitus for biologisk kontroll av varroamidd (Varroa destructor) i bikuber. Rovmidden brukes allerede for bekjempelse av hærmygg (sørgemygg) i diverse plantekulturer i veksthus og plasttuneller i Norge. Miljødirektoratet har mottatt en søknad om en ny type bruk, nemlig bekjempelse av varroamidd i bikuber. Bakgrunn varroamidd er en parasittisk midd som lever på honningbier. Varroamidd er globalt ansett som en av de største truslene mot birøkt på grunn av dens parasittiske levesett, og fordi den kan bære med seg en rekke virus og bakterier som forårsaker biesykdommer. Birøktere i Nord-Amerika har satt i gang eksperimenter hvor de introduserer Stratiolaelaps scimitus, en kommersielt tilgjengelig rovmidd opprinnelig til bruk som plantevernmiddel i veksthus og plasttuneller, for å bekjempe varroamidd. Det er nylig publisert en rekke studier som har sett på denne nye bruken. Miljødirektoratet har bedt VKM å vurdere risikoen for norsk biologisk mangfold ved bruk av S. scimitus overfor varroamidd, og å vurdere hvordan fremtidige klimaendringer vil kunne påvirke eventuell risiko. Stratiolaelaps scimitus er en liten (0.5 mm) jordlevende rovmidd som i naturen lever av et mangfold av evertebrater, som for eksempel fluelarver, rundormer, nymfer av trips, fåbørstemark, spretthaler og andre midd. Siden 1990-tallet har S. scimitus blitt produsert kommersielt, og arten er i dag brukt i plantevern over hele verden. Midden brukes til bekjempelse av en rekke organismer som er skadegjørere i matproduksjon og prydplanter, særlig soppmygg, edderkoppmidd, blomstertrips og enkelte plantespisende rundormer. Arten er allerede i bruk for biologisk kontroll i diverse matplantekulturer i drivhus og åpne plasttuneller, men også i prydplantesammenheng og i produksjon av sopp. Metoder VKM opprettet en prosjektgruppe med ekspertise i entomologi, invasjonsbiologi, honningbieatferd, økologi og risikovurdering av organismer til bruk i biologisk kontroll. Gruppen utførte et systematisk litteratursøk og gransket litteraturen som ble funnet. I mangel av studier fra Norge, måtte gruppen bygge sine konklusjoner på studier fra andre land. Resultater og konklusjon VKM konkluderer, med middels sikkerhet, at introduksjon av S. scimitus for bruk i bikuber, ikke vil øke sannsynligheten signifikant for at arten etablerer seg eller sprer seg, ut over den sannsynligheten som følger av dagens bruk. Vi poengterer at det ikke finnes noe som tyder på at kontinuerlig bruk av S. scimitus i Norge har resultert i at arten har etablert seg utenfor arealer hvor de har blitt introdusert, inkludert åpne plasttuneller. Optimal temperatur for utvikling og reproduksjon er vesentlig høyere enn hva som normalt observeres i Norge (~28 °C). Gitt at laveste overlevelsestemperatur har blitt rapportert å være –5.2 °C, konkluderer vi med at S. scimitus ikke vil være i stand til å etablere permanente populasjoner, ettersom det er forventet at vi år om annet vil ha så lave temperaturer i fremtiden også, selv i de varmeste delene av landet. Vi vurderer at fremtidige klimaendringer ikke vil påvirke konklusjonen.

• Rueness, Eli Knispel; Asmyhr, Maria Gulbrandsen; Basic, Dean; Eldegard, Katrine; Janczak, Andrew M. & Pedersen, Hans Christian [Vis alle 19 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). The release of common pheasants and grey partridges for pointing dog training- consequences for biodiversity, animal welfare and health. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on biodiversity of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Since the late 1800s, an unknown number of common pheasants and grey partridges from captive bred stocks have been released in Norwegian nature. The birds are released to be used for training of pointing dogs. The import, keeping and release of gamebirds, as well as the management of release sites, have been largely unregulated. The consequences to biodiversity, animal health and welfare have not been investigated. The Norwegian Environment Agency (NEA) and the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA) have jointly requested the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (VKM) for a scientific opinion on the release of common pheasants and grey partridges for pointing dog training regarding consequences for biodiversity, animal welfare of the released birds and health of the released birds as well as wild birds to which pathogens may be transmitted. VKM was further asked to suggest risk reducing measures for biodiversity and animal welfare. Methods VKM established a project group with expertise within avian ecology, landscape ecology, population biology, wildlife veterinary medicine and animal welfare. The group conducted systematic literature searches, scrutinized the resulting literature, and supplemented by other relevant articles and reports. In the absence of Norwegian studies, VKM used literature from other countries where common pheasants and grey partridges (and in some cases other gamebirds), are released, as references. The project group applied observation data of common pheasants and grey partridges in Norway for the period 2000-2022, presented by the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre (NBIC). In the assessments, VKM assumed that the release of birds will be in the same order of magnitude as in previous years (a few thousand birds annually on a national level). The number of release sites and the density of released birds per site are unknown. Increasing the number and density of birds would also increase the probability of negative effects and the severity of the consequences. VKM assessed the impacts of released common pheasants and grey partridges on competition, predation, hybridization, transmission of disease, herbivory and indirect impacts through interactions with other species (predator abundance and pathogen-mediated competition). VKM also assessed the impact on biodiversity in a 50-year perspective. Furthermore, VKM discusses how the birds’ welfare might be impacted by rearing, transport, release and exposure to pointing dogs. Finally, VKM provides a list of relevant diseases and assessed their potential impact on animal health during transport, rearing and release. Results and conclusions VKMs assessment show that there are several risks to biodiversity, animal health, and animal welfare from the release of captive bred common pheasants and grey partridges in Norway. The risk of increased competition for food, particularly in winter, with birds with similar niches as common pheasants and grey partridges, is low on a national scale and moderat on a local scale. This is particularly so for yellowhammer, Emberiza citronella, a species categorized as vulnerable on the national red list due to its progressive population decline caused by reduced availability of food during winter. There is a moderate risk for predation on invertebrates and negative impacts on flora. Indirectly, activities connected to the release of birds may lead to moderate risks of altered predator abundance and disease-mediated competition. VKM concludes that the ecological impacts will be more severe for redlisted species present within the release areas for common pheasants and grey partridges. Repeated release of common pheasants and grey partridges can lead to high risk of disease transmission to wild birds. .............

• Ytrehus, Bjørnar; Bustnes, Jan Ove; Bårdsen, Bård-Jørgen; Eldegard, Katrine; Kausrud, Kyrre & Sandercock, Brett [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Assessment of risks to wildlife and animal welfare associated with Lodden, Sami traditional hunting of ducks in spring. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biodiversity of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Spring hunting for ducks (Lodden in Northern Sami) is part of the Sami hunting and trapping culture. In Norway, this traditional hunting has been permitted in Kautokeino Municipality in accordance with the exception provision in the Wildlife Act Section 15, with quotas for males of several duck species. However, hunting in the spring may be in conflict with the Nature Diversity Act's principle for species management, saying (quote from Section 15): “Unnecessary harm and suffering caused to animals occurring in the wild and their nests, lairs and burrows shall be avoided. Likewise, unnecessary pursuing of wildlife shall be avoided.” Furthermore, in accordance with international legislation and agreements, the Wildlife Act (Section 9) states that the hunting season should not be set to the nesting and breeding season for the species in question. The Norwegian Environment Agency (NEA) asked VKM to (1) assess risk and risk-reducing measures on biodiversity and animal welfare when conducting spring hunting of ducks. The terms of reference were additionally clarified by the NEA to include assessments of the risks associated with hunting quotas of up to 150, 300, and 500 male individuals, on the populations of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), tufted duck (Aythya fuligula), velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca), common scoter (Melanitta nigra), long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis), and red-breasted merganser (Mergus serrator). VKM was furthermore asked to (2) point out risk-reducing measures in scenarios with hunting bags corresponding to the mentioned quotas of all the six species. Method VKM appointed a project group to answer the request from NEA and assess the risks to biodiversity and animal welfare posed by spring hunting for adult male ducks. The project group narrowed down the scope of the biodiversity risk assessment to encompass risks for local populations of six target species: mallard, tufted duck, velvet scoter, common scoter, long-tailed duck, and red-breasted merganser, and non-target migratory waterbirds. Negative impacts on biodiversity was defined as negative effects on population viability. The VKM project group gathered data from publications retrieved from literature searches and reports from Kautokeino municipality to the Finnmark Estate (Finnmarkseiendommen), which were made available to the group by the Norwegian Environment Agency. Hunting statistics were acquired from Statistics Norway (Statistisk sentralbyrå; SSB). During the assessment, several critical knowledge gaps and uncertainties were identified. The main obstacle for assessment of the impact of spring hunting on viability of local populations in Kautokeino, is the lack of data on relevant population sizes and demographic rates for the six target species. The available population estimates are partly based on almost 30-year-old bird counts. In addition, knowledge about spatial and temporal distributions of each species, combined with local or remote-sensed data on ice breakup, is needed to estimate the proportion of the population being effectively hunted in early spring when ducks are congregating on available ice-free waters. Such knowledge, combined with information about where, when, how and by how many hunters the hunting is performed, is also critical for sound assessments of risk to biodiversity and harm to bird welfare. Improved data on hunting bags (reliable, spatially explicit, and detailed) and frequency of wounding and crippling is also needed to provide accurate assessments. The project group performed modelling of harvest scenarios for a range of conditions (e.g., number of birds harvested, reduced breeding success caused by indirect effects of disturbance, environmental stochasticity, and spatial variation in habitat) to assess how sensitive the populations are to different parameters and model assumptions. ..............................

• Mienna, Ida Marielle; Klanderud, Kari; Ørka, Hans Ole; Bryn, Anders & Bollandsås, Ole Martin (2022). Land cover classification of treeline ecotones along a 1100 km latitudinal transect using spectral- and three-dimensional information from UAV-based aerial imagery. Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation. ISSN 2056-3485. 8(4), s. 536–550. doi: 10.1002/rse2.260. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The alpine treeline ecotone is expected to move upwards in elevation with global warming. Thus, mapping treeline ecotones is crucial in monitoring potential changes. Previous remote sensing studies have focused on the usage of satellites and aircrafts for mapping the treeline ecotone. However, treeline ecotones can be highly heterogenous, and thus the use of imagery with higher spatial resolution should be investigated. We evaluate the potential of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for the collection of ultra-high spatial resolution imagery for mapping treeline ecotone land covers. We acquired imagery and field reference data from 32 treeline ecotone sites along a 1100 km latitudinal gradient in Norway (60–69°N). Before classification, we performed a superpixel segmentation of the UAV-derived orthomosaics and assigned land cover classes to segments: rock, water, snow, shadow, wetland, tree-covered area and five classes within the ridge-snowbed gradient. We calculated features providing spectral, textural, three-dimensional vegetation structure, topographical and shape information for the classification. To evaluate the influence of acquisition time during the growing season and geographical variations, we performed four sets of classifications: global, seasonal-based, geographical regional-based and seasonal-regional-based. We found no differences in overall accuracy (OA) between the different classifications, and the global model with observations irrespective of data acquisition timing and geographical region had an OA of 73%. When accounting for similarities between closely related classes along the ridge-snowbed gradient, the accuracy increased to 92.6%. We found spectral features related to visible, red-edge and near-infrared bands to be the most important to predict treeline ecotone land cover classes. Our results show that the use of UAVs is efficient in mapping treeline ecotones, and that data can be acquired irrespective of timing within a growing season and geographical region to get accurate land cover maps. This can overcome constraints of a short field-season or low-resolution remote sensing data.

• Beigaitė, Rita; Tang, Hui; Bryn, Anders; Skarpaas, Olav; Stordal, Frode & Bjerke, Jarle W. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Identifying climate thresholds for dominant natural vegetation types at the global scale using machine learning: Average climate versus extremes. Global Change Biology. ISSN 1354-1013. 28(11), s. 3557–3579. doi: 10.1111/gcb.16110. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The global distribution of vegetation is largely determined by climatic conditions and feeds back into the climate system. To predict future vegetation changes in response to climate change, it is crucial to identify and understand key patterns and processes that couple vegetation and climate. Dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) have been widely applied to describe the distribution of vegetation types and their future dynamics in response to climate change. As a process- based approach, it partly relies on hard- coded climate thresholds to constrain the distribution of vegetation. What thresholds to implement in DGVMs and how to replace them with more processbased descriptions remain among the major challenges. In this study, we employ machine learning using decision trees to extract large- scale relationships between the global distribution of vegetation and climatic characteristics from remotely sensed vegetation and climate data. We analyse how the dominant vegetation types are linked to climate extremes as compared to seasonally or annually averaged climatic conditions. The results show that climate extremes allow us to describe the distribution and eco- climatological space of the vegetation types more accurately than the averaged climate variables, especially those types which occupy small territories in a relatively homogeneous ecological space. Future predicted vegetation changes using both climate extremes and averaged climate variables are less prominent than that predicted by averaged climate variables and are in better agreement with those of DGVMs, further indicating the importance of climate extremes in determining geographic distributions of different vegetation types. We found that the temperature thresholds for vegetation types (e.g. grass and open shrubland) in cold environments vary with moisture conditions. The coldest daily maximum temperature (extreme cold day) is particularly important for separating many different vegetation types. These findings highlight the need for a more explicit representation of the impacts of climate extremes on vegetation in DGVMs. climate extremes , climate thresholds , decision trees , DGVMs , machine learning , vegetation distribution

• Bryn, Anders & Potthoff, Kerstin (2022). Assessing the impact of climate change versus land use on tree- and forest line dynamics in Norway. I Schickhoff, Udo; Singh, R.B. & Mal, Suraj (Red.), Mountain Landscapes in Transition. Effects of Land Use and Climate Change. Springer Nature. ISSN 978-3-030-70237-3. s. 613–626. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-70238-0_29.
• Horvath, Peter; Halvorsen, Rune; Simensen, Trond & Bryn, Anders (2021). A comparison of three ways to assemble wall-to-wall maps from distribution models of vegetation types. GIScience & Remote Sensing. ISSN 1548-1603. 58(8), s. 1458–1476. doi: 10.1080/15481603.2021.1996313. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Distribution modeling methods are used to provide occurrence probability surfaces for modeled targets. While most often used for modeling species, distribution modeling methods can also be applied to vegetation types. However, surfaces provided by distribution modeling need to be transformed into classified wall-to-wall maps of vegetation types to be useful for practical purposes, such as nature management and environmental planning. The paper compares the performance of three methods for assembling predictions for multiple vegetation types, modeled individually, into a wall-to-wall map. The authors used grid-cell based probability surfaces from distribution models of 31 vegetation types to test the three assembly methods. The first, a probability-based method, selected for each grid cell the vegetation type with the highest predicted probability of occurrence in that cell. The second, a performance-based method, assigned the vegetation types, ordered from high to low model performance, to a fraction of the grid cells given by the vegetation type’s prevalence in the study area. The third, a prevalence-based method, differed from the performance-based method by assigning vegetation types in the order from low to high prevalence. Thus the assembly methods worked in two principally different ways: the probability-based method assigned vegetation types to grid cells in a cell-by-cell manner, and both the performance-based method and prevalence-based method assigned them in a type-by-type manner. All methods were evaluated by use of reference data collected in the field, more or less independently of the data used to parameterize the vegetation-type models. Quantity, allocation, and total disagreement, as well as proportional dissimilarity metrics, were used for evaluation of assembly methods. Overlay analysis showed 38.1% agreement between all three assembly methods. The probability-based method had the lowest total disagreement with, and proportional dissimilarity from, the reference datasets, but the differences between the three methods were small. The three assembly methods differed strongly with respect to the distribution of the total disagreement on its quantity and allocation components: the cell-by-cell assignment method strongly favored allocation disagreement and the type-by-type methods strongly favored quantity disagreement. The probability-based method best reproduced the general pattern of variation across the study area, but at the cost of many rare vegetation types, which were left out of the assembled map. By contrast, the prevalence-based and performance-based methods represented vegetation types in accordance with nationwide area statistics. The results show that maps of vegetation types with wall-to-wall coverage can be assembled from individual distribution models with a quality acceptable for indicative purposes, but all the three tested methods currently also have shortcomings. The results also indicate specific points in the methodology for map assembly that may be improved. area frame survey, assembly strategies, distribution modeling, spatial probabilities, vegetation mapping, vegetation types

• Bryn, Anders; Bekkby, Trine; Rinde, Eli; Gundersen, Hege & Halvorsen, Rune (2021). Reliability in Distribution Modeling—A Synthesis and Step-by-Step Guidelines for Improved Practice. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2296-701X. 9. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2021.658713. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Information about the distribution of a study object (e.g., species or habitat) is essential in face of increasing pressure from land or sea use, and climate change. Distribution models are instrumental for acquiring such information, but also encumbered by uncertainties caused by different sources of error, bias and inaccuracy that need to be dealt with. In this paper we identify the most common sources of uncertainties and link them to different phases in the modeling process. Our aim is to outline the implications of these uncertainties for the reliability of distribution models and to summarize the precautions needed to be taken. We performed a step-by-step assessment of errors, biases and inaccuracies related to the five main steps in a standard distribution modeling process: (1) ecological understanding, assumptions and problem formulation; (2) data collection and preparation; (3) choice of modeling method, model tuning and parameterization; (4) evaluation of models; and, finally, (5) implementation and use. Our synthesis highlights the need to consider the entire distribution modeling process when the reliability and applicability of the models are assessed. A key recommendation is to evaluate the model properly by use of a dataset that is collected independently of the training data. We support initiatives to establish international protocols and open geodatabases for distribution models.

• Dramstad, Wenche; Sang, Neil; Mathiesen, Henrik Forsberg & Bryn, Anders (2021). Five ways of characterizing agricultural land use dynamics and abandonment from subsidy data. Land. ISSN 2073-445X. 10(11), s. 1–17. doi: 10.3390/land10111136. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abandonment of agricultural land is a process described from different regions of many industrialized countries. Given the current focus on land use, land use change and food security, it appears highly relevant to develop improved tools to identify and monitor the dynamics of agricultural land abandonment. In particular, the temporal aspect of abandonment needs to be assessed and discussed. In this study, we used the detailed information available through the Norwegian subsidy claim database and analyzed the history of use of unique land parcels through a fourteen-year period. We developed and tested five different statistics identifying these land parcels, their temporal dynamics and the extent of occurrence. What became apparent was that a large number of land parcels existing in the database as agricultural land were taken out of production, but then entered into production again at a later stage. We believe that this approach to describe the temporal dynamics of land abandonment, including how it can be measured and mapped, may contribute to the understanding of the dynamics in land abandonment, and thus also contribute to an improved understanding of the food production system.

• Tonjer, Lea-Rebekka; Thoen, Ella; Morgado N, Luis; Botnen, Synnøve; Mundra, Sunil & Nybakken, Line [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Fungal community dynamics across a forest–alpine ecotone. Molecular Ecology. ISSN 0962-1083. 30(19), s. 4926–4938. doi: 10.1111/mec.16095. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haga, Hannah Emma Emilie Strømsrud; Nilsen, Anne-Barbi; Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter & Bryn, Anders (2021). Quantification of accuracy in field-based land cover maps: A new method to separate different components. Applied Vegetation Science. ISSN 1402-2001. 24(2), s. 1–13. doi: 10.1111/avsc.12578. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Aim Many thematic land cover maps, such as maps of vegetation types, are based on field inventories. Studies show inconsistencies among field workers in such maps, explained by inter-observer variation in classification and/or spatial delineation of polygons. In this study, we have tested a new method to assess the accuracy of these two components independently. Location Four study sites dominated by different ecosystems in southeast Norway. Methods We have used a vegetation-based land cover classification system adapted to a map scale of 1:5,000. First, a consensus map, a map that can be considered an approximation of a flawless map, was established. Secondly, the consensus map was adapted to test the accuracy of classification and polygon delineation independently. We used 10 field workers to generate a consensus map, and 14 new field workers (in pairs) to test the accuracy (n = 7). Results The results show that the accuracy of polygon delineation is lower than that of land cover classification. This is in contrast with previous studies, but previous research designs have not enabled a separation of the two accuracy components. Conclusion We recommend strengthening the training and harmonization of field workers in general, and increasing the emphasis on polygon delineation.

• Horvath, Peter; Tang, Hui; Halvorsen, Rune; Stordal, Frode; Tallaksen, Lena M. & Berntsen, Terje Koren [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Improving the representation of high-latitude vegetation distribution in dynamic global vegetation models. Biogeosciences. ISSN 1726-4170. 18(1), s. 95–112. doi: 10.5194/bg-18-95-2021. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Vegetation is an important component in global ecosystems, affecting the physical, hydrological and biogeochemical properties of the land surface. Accordingly, the way vegetation is parameterized strongly influences predictions of future climate by Earth system models. To capture future spatial and temporal changes in vegetation cover and its feedbacks to the climate system, dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) are included as important components of land surface models. Variation in the predicted vegetation cover from DGVMs therefore has large impacts on modelled radiative and non-radiative properties, especially over high-latitude regions. DGVMs are mostly evaluated by remotely sensed products and less often by other vegetation products or by in situ field observations. In this study, we evaluate the performance of three methods for spatial representation of present-day vegetation cover with respect to prediction of plant functional type (PFT) profiles – one based upon distribution models (DMs), one that uses a remote sensing (RS) dataset and a DGVM (CLM4.5BGCDV; Community Land Model 4.5 Bio-Geo-Chemical cycles and Dynamical Vegetation). While DGVMs predict PFT profiles based on physiological and ecological processes, a DM relies on statistical correlations between a set of predictors and the modelled target, and the RS dataset is based on classification of spectral reflectance patterns of satellite images. PFT profiles obtained from an independently collected field-based vegetation dataset from Norway were used for the evaluation. We found that RS-based PFT profiles matched the reference dataset best, closely followed by DM, whereas predictions from DGVMs often deviated strongly from the reference. DGVM predictions overestimated the area covered by boreal needleleaf evergreen trees and bare ground at the expense of boreal broadleaf deciduous trees and shrubs. Based on environmental predictors identified by DM as important, three new environmental variables (e.g. minimum temperature in May, snow water equivalent in October and precipitation seasonality) were selected as the threshold for the establishment of these high-latitude PFTs. We performed a series of sensitivity experiments to investigate if these thresholds improve the performance of the DGVM method. Based on our results, we suggest implementation of one of these novel PFT-specific thresholds (i.e. precipitation seasonality) in the DGVM method. The results highlight the potential of using PFT-specific thresholds obtained by DM in development of DGVMs in broader regions. Also, we emphasize the potential of establishing DMs as a reliable method for providing PFT distributions for evaluation of DGVMs alongside RS.

• Halvorsen, Rune; Skarpaas, Olav; Bryn, Anders; Bratli, Harald; Erikstad, Lars & Simensen, Trond [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Towards a systematics of ecodiversity: the Ecosyst framework. Global Ecology and Biogeography. ISSN 1466-822X. 29(11), s. 1887–1906. doi: 10.1111/geb.13164. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Although a standard taxonomy of organisms has existed for nearly 300 years, no consensus has yet been reached on principles for systematization of ecological diversity (i.e., the co‐ordinated variation of abiotic and biotic components of natural diversity). In a rapidly changing world, where nature is under constant pressure, standardized terms and methods for characterization of ecological diversity are urgently needed (e.g., to enhance precision and credibility of global change assessments). Aim The aim is to present the EcoSyst framework, a set of general principles and methods for systematization of natural diversity that simultaneously addresses biotic and abiotic variation, and to discuss perspectives opened by this framework. Innovation EcoSyst provides a framework for systematizing natural variation in a consistent manner across different levels of organization. At each ecodiversity level, EcoSyst principles can be used to establish: (a) an extensive attribute system with descriptive variables that cover all relevant sources of variation; (b) a hierarchical‐type system; and (c) a set of guidelines for land‐cover mapping that is consistent across spatial scales. EcoSyst type systems can be conceptualized as multidimensional models, by which a key characteristic (the response) is related to variation in one or more key sources of variation (predictors). EcoSyst type hierarchies are developed by a gradient‐based iterative procedure, by which the “ecodiversity distance” (i.e., the extent to which the key characteristic differs between adjacent candidate types) is standardized and the ecological processes behind observed patterns are explicitly taken into account. Application We present “Nature in Norway” (NiN), an implementation of the EcoSyst framework for Norway for the ecosystem and landscape levels of ecodiversity. Examples of applications to research and management are given. Conclusion The EcoSyst framework provides a theoretical platform, principles and methods that can complement and enhance initiatives towards a global‐scale systematics of ecodiversity. iodiversity complex gradient continuum theory ecodiversity ecosystem geodiversity gradient landscape mapping typology

• Simensen, Trond; Horvath, Peter; Vollering, Julien; Erikstad, Lars; Halvorsen, Rune & Bryn, Anders (2020). Composite landscape predictors improve distribution models of ecosystem types. Diversity and Distributions: A Journal of Conservation Biogeography. ISSN 1366-9516. 26(8), s. 928–943. doi: 10.1111/ddi.13060. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Aim: Distribution modelling is a useful approach to obtain knowledge about the spatial distribution of biodiversity, required for, for example, red-list assessments. While distribution modelling methods have been applied mostly to single species, modelling of communities and ecosystems (EDM; ecosystem-level distribution modelling) produces results that are more directly relevant for management and decision-making. Although the choice of predictors is a pivotal part of the modelling process, few studies have compared the suitability of different sets of predictors for EDM. In this study, we compare the performance of 50 single environmental variables with that of 11 composite landscape gradients (CLGs) for prediction of ecosystem types. The CLGs represent gradients in landscape element composition derived from multivariate analyses, for example “inner-outer coast” and “land use intensity.” Location: Norway. Methods: We used data from field-based ecosystem-type mapping of nine ecosystem types, and environmental variables with a resolution of 100 × 100 m. We built nine models for each ecosystem type with variables from different predictor sets. Logistic regression with forward selection of variables was used for EDM. Models were evaluated with independently collected data. Results: Most ecosystem types could be predicted reliably, although model performance differed among ecosystem types. We identified significant differences in predictive power and model parsimony across models built from different predictor sets. Climatic variables alone performed poorly, indicating that the current climate alone is not sufficient to predict the current distribution of ecosystems. Used alone, the CLGs resulted in parsimonious models with relatively high predictive power. Used together with other variables, they consistently improved the models. Main conclusions: Our study highlights the importance of variable selection in EDM. We argue that the use of composite variables as proxies for complex environmental gradients has the potential to improve predictions from EDMs and thus to inform conservation planning as well as improve the precision and credibility of red lists and global change assessments.conservation planning, distribution modelling, ecosystem classification, ecosystem types, IUCN Red List of Ecosystems, landscape gradients, spatial prediction, species response curves

• Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter; Bryn, Anders & Skånes, Helle (2020). Bridging theory and implementation – Testing an abstract classification system for practical mapping by field survey and 3D aerial photographic interpretation. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift. ISSN 0029-1951. 73(5), s. 301–317. doi: 10.1080/00291951.2020.1717595. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The abstract classification system Nature in Norway (NiN) has detailed ecological definitions of a high number of ecosystem units, but its applicability in practical vegetation mapping is unknown because it was not designed with a specific mapping method in mind. To investigate this further, two methods for mapping – 3D aerial photographic interpretation of colour infrared photos and field survey – were used to map comparable neighbouring sites of 1 km2 in Hvaler Municipality, south-eastern Norway. The classification accuracy of each method was evaluated using a consensus classification of 160 randomly distributed plots within the study sites. The results showed an overall classification accuracy of 62.5% for 3D aerial photographic interpretation and 82.5% for field survey. However, the accuracy varied for the ecosystem units mapped. The classification accuracy of ecosystem units in acidic, dry and open terrain was similar for both methods, whereas classification accuracy of calcareous units was highest using field survey. The mapping progress using 3D aerial photographic interpretation was more than two times faster than that of field survey. Based on the results, the authors recommend a method combining 3D aerial photographic interpretation and field survey to achieve effectively accurate mapping in practical applications of the NiN system.

• Myers-Smith, Isla H.; Kerby, Jeffrey T.; Phoenix, Gareth K.; Bjerke, Jarle W.; Epstein, Howard E. & Assmann, Jakob J. [Vis alle 41 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Complexity revealed in the greening of the Arctic. Nature Climate Change. ISSN 1758-678X. 10(2), s. 106–117. doi: 10.1038/s41558-019-0688-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  As the Arctic warms, vegetation is responding, and satellite measures indicate widespread greening at high latitudes. This ‘greening of the Arctic’ is among the world’s most important large-scale ecological responses to global climate change. However, a consensus is emerging that the underlying causes and future dynamics of so-called Arctic greening and browning trends are more complex, variable and inherently scale-dependent than previously thought. Here we summarize the complexities of observing and interpreting high-latitude greening to identify priorities for future research. Incorporating satellite and proximal remote sensing with in-situ data, while accounting for uncertainties and scale issues, will advance the study of past, present and future Arctic vegetation change.

• Horvath, Peter; Halvorsen, Rune; Stordal, Frode; Tallaksen, Lena Merete; Tang, Hui & Bryn, Anders (2019). Distribution modelling of vegetation types based on area frame survey data. Applied Vegetation Science. ISSN 1402-2001. 22(4), s. 547–560. doi: 10.1111/avsc.12451. Vis sammendrag

  Aim: Many countries lack informative, high‐resolution, wall‐to‐wall vegetation or land cover maps. Such maps are useful for land use and nature management, and for input to regional climate and hydrological models. Land cover maps based on remote sensing data typically lack the required ecological information, whereas traditional field‐based mapping is too expensive to be carried out over large areas. In this study, we therefore explore the extent to which distribution modelling (DM) methods are useful for predicting the current distribution of vegetation types (VT) on a national scale. Location: Mainland Norway, covering ca. 324,000 km2. Methods: We used presence/absence data for 31 different VTs, mapped wall‐to‐wall in an area frame survey with 1081 rectangular plots of 0.9 km2. Distribution models for each VT were obtained by logistic generalised linear modelling, using stepwise forward selection with an F‐ratio test. A total of 116 explanatory variables, recorded in 100 m × 100 m grid cells, were used. The 31 models were evaluated by applying the AUC criterion to an independent evaluation dataset. Results: Twenty‐one of the 31 models had AUC values higher than 0.8. The highest AUC value (0.989) was obtained for Poor/rich broadleaf deciduous forest, whereas the lowest AUC (0.671) was obtained for Lichen and heather spruce forest. Overall, we found that rare VTs are predicted better than common ones, and coastal VTs are predicted better than inland ones. Conclusions: Our study establishes DM as a viable tool for spatial prediction of aggregated species‐based entities such as VTs on a regional scale and at a fine (100 m) spatial resolution, provided relevant predictor variables are available. We discuss the potential uses of distribution models in utilizing large‐scale international vegetation surveys. We also argue that predictions from such models may improve parameterisation of vegetation distribution in earth system models.

• Eriksen, Eva Lieungh; Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter; Halvorsen, Rune; Aune, Sigrun; Bratli, Harald & Horvath, Peter [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Point of view: error estimation in field assignment of land-cover types. Phytocoenologia. ISSN 0340-269X. 49(2), s. 135–148. doi: 10.1127/phyto/2018/0293. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Questions: Substantial variation between observers has been found when comparing parallel land-cover maps, but how can we know which map is better? What magnitude of error and inter-observer variation is expected when assigning land-cover types and is this affected by the hierarchical level of the type system, observer characteristics, and ecosystem properties? Study area: Hvaler, south-east Norway. Methods: Eleven observers assigned mapping units to 120 stratified random points. At each observation point, the observers first assigned a mapping unit to the point independently. The group then decided on a ‘true’ reference mapping unit for that point. The reference was used to estimate total error. ‘Ecological distance’ to the reference was calculated to grade the errors. Results: Individual observers frequently assigned different mapping units to the same point. Deviating assignments were often ecologically close to the reference. Total error, as percentage of assignments that deviated from the reference, was 35.0% and 16.4% for low and high hierarchical levels of the land-covertype system, respectively. The corresponding figures for inter-observer variation were 42.8% and 19.4%, respectively. Observer bias was found. Particularly high error rates were found for land-cover types characterised by human disturbance. Conclusions: Access to a ‘true’ mapping unit for each observation point enabled estimation of error in addition to the inter-observer variation typically estimated by the standard pairwise comparisons method for maps and observers. Three major sources of error in the assignment of land-cover types were observed: dependence on system complexity represented by the hierarchical level of the land-cover-type system, dependence on the experience and personal characteristics of the observers, and dependence on properties of the mapped ecosystem. The results support the necessity of focusing on quality in land-cover mapping, among commissioners, practitioners and other end users.

• Aune, Sigrun; Bryn, Anders & Hovstad, Knut (2018). Loss of semi-natural grassland in a boreal landscape: impacts of agricultural intensification and abandonment. Journal of Land Use Science. ISSN 1747-423X. 13(4), s. 375–390. doi: 10.1080/1747423X.2018.1539779. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The long history of human land use have had a strong influence on ecosystems and landscapes in the boreal forest region of Northern Europe and created semi-natural habitats of high conservation value. In this study, we quantify land-cover change and loss of semi-natural grassland in an agricultural landscape (6.2 km2 ) in the boreal region of Norway from 1960 to 2015, and document a 49.1% loss of area that was seminatural grassland in 1960. The remaining semi-natural grasslands became smaller and the connectivity between them decreased. Intensification and abandonment of agricultural land use were of approximately equal importance for the loss of semi-natural grassland although the relative contribution of these processes depended on the topography and distance to farmsteads. The study provides an example of how change in land cover can be estimated and key drivers identified on a scale that is relevant for implementation of management and conservation measures.

• Bryn, Anders & Potthoff, Kerstin (2018). Elevational treeline and forest line dynamics in Norwegian mountain areas - a review. Landscape Ecology. ISSN 0921-2973. 33(8), s. 1225–1245. doi: 10.1007/s10980-018-0670-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Purpose Treelines and forest lines (TFLs) have received growing interest in recent decades, due to their potential role as indicators of climate change. However, the understanding of TFL dynamics is challenged by the complex interactions of factors that control TFLs. The review aims to provide an overview over the trends in the elevational dynamics of TFLs in Norway since the beginning of the 20th century, to identify main challenges to explain temporal and spatial patterns in TFL dynamics, and to identify important domains for future research. Method A systematic search was performed using international and Norwegian search engines for peer-reviewed articles, scientific reports, and MA and PhD theses concerning TFL changes. Results Most articles indicate TFL rise, but with high variability. Single factors that have an impact on TFL dynamics are well understood, but knowledge gaps exist with regard to interactions and feedbacks, especially those leading to distributional time lags. Extracting the most relevant factors for TFL changes, especially with regard to climate versus land-use changes, requires more research. Conclusions Existing data on TFL dynamics provide a broad overview of past and current changes, but estimations of reliable TFL changes for Norway as a whole is impossible. The main challenges in future empirically-based predictions of TFLs are to understand causes of time lags, separate effects of contemporary processes, and make progress on the impacts of feedback and interactions. Remapping needs to be continued, but combined with both the establishment of representative TFL monitoring sites and field experiments.

• Bryn, Anders; Strand, Geir-Harald; Angeloff, Michael & Rekdal, Yngve (2018). Land cover in Norway based on an area frame survey of vegetation types. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift. ISSN 0029-1951. 72(3), s. 131–145. doi: 10.1080/00291951.2018.1468356. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The Norwegian area frame survey of land cover and outfield land resources (AR18X18), completed in 2014, provided unbiased statistics of land cover in Norway. The article reports the new statistics, discusses implications of the data set, and provides potential value in terms of research, management, and monitoring. A gridded sampling design for 1081 primary statistical units of 0.9 km2 at 18 km intervals was implemented in the survey. The plots were mapped in situ, aided by aerial photos, and all areas were coded following a vegetation type system. The results provide new insights into the cover and distribution of vegetation and land cover types. The statistic for mire and wetlands, which previously covered 5.8%, has since been corrected to 8.9%. The survey results can be used for environmental and agricultural management, and the data can be stratified for regional analyses. The survey data can also serve as training data for remote sensing and distribution modelling. Finally, the survey data can be used to calibrate vegetation perturbations in climate change research that focuses on atmospheric–vegetation feedback. The survey documented novel land cover statistics and revealed that the national cover of wetlands had previously been underestimated.

• Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter; Bryn, Anders; Halvorsen, Rune & Hemsing, Lars Østby (2018). Consistency in land-cover mapping: Influence of field workers, spatial scale and classification system. Applied Vegetation Science. ISSN 1402-2001. 21(2), s. 278–288. doi: 10.1111/avsc.12368. Vis sammendrag

  Questions : Land-cover maps are used for nature management, but can they be trusted? This study addresses three questions: (1) what is the magnitude of between field worker inconsistencies in land-cover maps and what may cause such inconsistencies; (2) in which ways and to what extent do spatial scale and mapping system influence inconsistencies between maps; and (3) are some biomes mapped more consistently than others, and if so, why? Location : Gravfjellet, Øystre Slidre municipality, southern Norway. Methods : Two different mapping systems, designed for mapping at different spatial scales, were used for parallel mapping by three different field workers, giving a total of six maps for the study area. Spatial consistency of the resulting maps was compared at two hierarchical levels for both systems. Results : The average pair-wise spatial consistency at the highest hierarchical level was 83% for both systems, while the average pair-wise spatial consistency at the lowest hierarchical level was 60.3% for the coarse system and 43.8% for the detailed system. Inconsistencies between maps were partly caused by the use of different land- cover units and partly by spatial displacement. Conclusions : Field workers made different maps despite using the same mapping systems, materials and methods. The differences were larger at lower hierarchical levels in the mapping systems and increased strongly with system complexity. Consistency among field workers should be estimated as a standard quality indicator in all field-based mapping programmes.

• Aune-Lundberg, Linda & Bryn, Anders (2018). Spatial Transferability of Vegetation Types in Distribution Models Based on Sample Surveys from an Alpine Region. Journal of Geographic Information System. ISSN 2151-1950. 10, s. 111–141. doi: 10.4236/jgis.2018.101005.
• Bryn, Anders & Potthoff, Kerstin (2017). 20th century Betula pubescens subsp. czerepanovii tree- and forest lines in Norway. Biodiversity Data Journal. ISSN 1314-2836. 5. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.5.e22093. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rydsaa, Johanne Hope; Stordal, Frode; Bryn, Anders & Tallaksen, Lena M. (2017). Effects of shrub and tree cover increase on the near-surface atmosphere in northern Fennoscandia. Biogeosciences. ISSN 1726-4170. 14(18), s. 4209–4227. doi: 10.5194/bg-14-4209-2017. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Motrøen, Terje & Bryn, Anders (2016). Fra landbruk til reiseliv: resultater av et desentralisert studieprogram i kunnskapsturisme. Kart og Plan. ISSN 0047-3278. 76, årg. 109(3), s. 224–235.
• Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter; Bryn, Anders & Klanderud, Kari (2016). Distribution modelling of vegetation types in the boreal-alpine ecotone. Applied Vegetation Science. ISSN 1402-2001. 19(3), s. 528–540. doi: 10.1111/avsc.12236. Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Questions Vegetation mapping based on field surveys is time-consuming and expensive. Distribution modelling might be used to overcome these challenges. What is the performance of distribution modelling of vegetation compared to traditional vegetation mapping when projected locally? Does the modelling performance vary among ecosystems? Does vegetation type distribution and abundance influence the modelling performance? Location Gravfjellet, Øystre Slidre commune, southern Norway. Methods Two comparable neighbouring areas, each of 4 km2, were mapped for species-defined vegetation types. One area was used for model training, the other for model projection. Maximum entropy models were run for six vegetation types, two from each of the ecosystems present in the area: forest, wetland and mountain heath- and shrublands. For each ecosystem, one locally abundant and one locally rare vegetation type were tested. AUC, the area under the receiver operating curve, was used as the model selection criterion. Environmental variables (n = 9) were selected through a backwards selection scheme, and model complexity was kept low. The models were evaluated using independent data. Results Distribution modelling of vegetation types by local projection gave high AUC values, and the results were supported by the evaluation using independent data. The modelling ability was not affected by ecosystem differences. A negative relationship between the number of points used to train the models and the AUC value before evaluation suggests that models for locally rare vegetation types had better predictive performance than the models for abundant types. This result was not significant after evaluation. Conclusion Provided that relevant explanatory variables are available at an appropriate scale, and that field-validated training points are available, distribution modelling can be used for local projection of the six tested vegetation types from the boreal–alpine ecotone.

• Bryn, Anders; Kristoffersen, Hans P.; Angeloff, Michael; Nystuen, Ingvild; Aune-Lundberg, Linda & Endresen, Dag Terje Filip [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Location of plant species in Norway gathered as a part of a survey vegetation mapping programme. Data in Brief. ISSN 2352-3409. 5, s. 589–594. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2015.10.014.
• Halvorsen, Rune; Mazzoni, Sabrina; Bryn, Anders & Bakkestuen, Vegar (2015). Opportunities for improved distribution modelling practice via a strict maximum likelihood interpretation of MaxEnt. Ecography. ISSN 0906-7590. 38(2), s. 172–183. doi: 10.1111/ecog.00565.
• Sang, Neil; Dramstad, Wenche & Bryn, Anders (2014). Regionality in Norwegian farmland abandonment: Inferences from production data. Applied Geography. ISSN 0143-6228. 55, s. 238–247. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.09.015.
• Bryn, Anders; Angeloff, Michael & Rønningen, Katrina (2014). Norske verneområder: kulturpåvirkning, avskoging og gjengroing. Kart og Plan. ISSN 0047-3278. 74, årg. 107(3), s. 210–222. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• de Wit, Heleen; Bryn, Anders; Hofgaard, Annika; Karstensen, Jonas; Kvalevåg, Maria Malene & Peters, Glen Philip (2013). Climate warming feedback from mountain birch forest expansion: Reduced albedo dominates carbon uptake. Global Change Biology. ISSN 1354-1013. 20(7), s. 2344–2355. doi: 10.1111/gcb.12483. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Expanding high elevation and high latitude forest has contrasting climate feedbacks through carbon sequestration (cooling) and reduced surface reflectance (warming), which are yet poorly quantified. Here, we present an empirically-based projection of mountain birch forest expansion in south-central Norway under climate change and absence of land use. Climate effects of carbon sequestration and albedo change are compared using four emission metrics. Forest expansion was modeled for a projected 2.6 °C increase of summer temperature in 2100, with associated reduced snow cover. We find that the current (year 2000) forest line of the region is circa 100 m lower than its climatic potential due to land use history. In the future scenarios, forest cover increased from 12 to 27% between 2000 and 2100, resulting in a 59% increase in biomass carbon storage and an albedo change from 0.46 to 0.30. Forest expansion in 2100 was behind its climatic potential, forest migration rates being the primary limiting factor. In 2100, the warming caused by lower albedo from expanding forest was 10 to 17 times stronger than the cooling effect from carbon sequestration for all emission metrics considered. Reduced snow cover further exacerbated the net warming feedback. The warming effect is considerably stronger than previously reported for boreal forest cover, because of the typically low biomass density in mountain forests and the large changes in albedo of snow-covered tundra areas. The positive climate feedback of high latitude and high elevation expanding mountain forests with seasonal snow cover exceeds those of afforestation at lower elevation, and calls for further attention of both modelers and empiricists. The inclusion and upscaling of these climate feedbacks from mountain forests into global models is warranted to assess the potential global impacts.

• Bryn, Anders & Hemsing, Lars Østby (2012). Impacts of land use on the vegetation in three rural landscapes of Norway. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management. ISSN 2151-3732. 8(4), s. 360–371. doi: 10.1080/21513732.2012.737373. Vis sammendrag

  Long-term and varied land use has had a major influence on the vegetation in rural Norway, and the traditional open landscapes are now being replaced by forests. In the present investigation, we assess and quantify structural vegetation changes caused by changes in land use and climate. Up-to-date actual vegetation maps from three rural study areas were compared with interpreted historical vegetation maps and potential natural vegetation (PNV) models. Our findings indicate that the present vegetation structure is strongly influenced by land use. In the studied sites, 56–66% of the areas presently have another vegetation type than expected from a natural state (PNV). The mean turnover of vegetation types in the study areas during the past 35–40 years was 25%. Our study highlights that the influence of land-use needs to be accounted for when considering the effects of climate change.

• Bryn, Anders; Dourojeanni, Pablo; Hemsing, Lars Østby & O'Donnell, Sejal (2012). A high-resolution GIS null model of potential forest expansion following land use changes in Norway. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. ISSN 0282-7581. 28(1), s. 81–98. doi: 10.1080/02827581.2012.689005. Vis sammendrag

  During recent decades, forests have expanded into new areas throughout the whole of Norway. The processes explained as causing the forest expansion have focused mainly on climate or land use changes. To enable a spatially explicit separation of the effects following these two main drivers behind forest expansion, the authors set out to model the potential for natural forest regeneration following land use abandonment, given the present climatic conditions. The present forest distribution, a number of high-resolution land cover maps, and GIS methods were used to model the potential for natural forest regeneration. Furthermore, the results were tested with independent local models, explanatory variables and predictive modelling. The modelling results show that land use abandonment, in a long-term perspective, has the climatic and edaphic potential to cause natural forest regeneration of 48,800 km2, or 15.9% of mainland Norway. The future natural forest regeneration following land use change or abandonment can now be spatially separated from the effects of climate changes. The different independent model tests support the main findings, but small fractions of the modelled potential natural forest regeneration will probably be caused by other processes than land use abandonment.

• Kuiper, Esgo & Bryn, Anders (2012). Forest regrowth and cultural heritage sites in Norway and along the Norwegian St Olav pilgrim routes. International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management. ISSN 2151-3732. 9(1), s. 54–64. doi: 10.1080/21513732.2012.711774. Vis sammendrag

  Pilgrims travel along the main reopened St Olav pilgrim routes in Norway and visit a variety of cultural heritage types. These routes are part of a value creation programme, in which the management authorities try to increase the numbers of pilgrims. At the same time, forest regrowth is reported to reduce the landscape experience of pilgrims and to biophysically change the cultural heritage sites. However, no studies have been reported on the spatial encroachments of forests along the pilgrim routes. The purpose of this study is to analyse where forest regrowth along the main reopened pilgrim routes in Norway will appear, given the present climatic conditions, and to assess the spatial overlap of future forest regrowth with cultural heritage sites. A potential forest model and a cultural heritage sites database were combined with several baseline geographical data layers and spatially joined in geographical information systems. The results show that most of the future forest regrowth will appear in mountainous parts of the pilgrim routes, whereas many hunting sites, tradition sites and other cultural heritage sites will be overgrown by young forests. Therefore, management efforts to keep the main pilgrim routes open need to be strengthened and directed towards future risks.

• Hemsing, Lars Østby & Bryn, Anders (2012). Three methods for modelling potential natural vegetation (PNV) compared: A methodological case study from south-central Norway. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift. ISSN 0029-1951. 66(1), s. 11–29. doi: 10.1080/00291951.2011.644321. Vis sammendrag

  The purpose of the study was to explore and compare three different methods for modelling potential natural vegetation (PNV), a hypothetic natural state of vegetation that shows nature's biotic potential in the absence of human influence and disturbance. The vegetation was mapped in a south-central Norwegian mountain region, in a 34.2 km2 area around the village of Beitostølen, in 2009. The actual vegetation map (AVM) formed the basis for the development of PNV using three different modelling methods: (1) an expert-based manual modelling (EMM), (2) rule-based envelope GIS-modelling (RBM), and (3) a statistical predictive GIS-modelling method (Maxent). The article shows that the three modelling methods have different advantages, challenges and preconditions. The findings indicate that: (1) the EMM method should preferably be used only as a supplementary method in highly disturbed areas, (2) both the RBM and the Maxent methods perform well, (3) RBM performs especially well, but also Maxent are more objective methods than EMM and they are much easier to develop and re-run after model validation, (4) Maxent probably underestimates the potential distribution of some vegetation types, whereas RBM overestimates, (5) the Maxent output is relative probabilities of distribution, giving higher model variation than RBM.

• Bryn, Anders & Debella-Gilo, Misganu (2011). GIS-based prognosis of potential forest regeneration affecting tourism locations and cultural landscapes in South Norway. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. ISSN 1502-2250. 11(2), s. 166–189. doi: 10.1080/15022250.2011.576827. Vis sammendrag

  The Norwegian landscape is changing as a result of forest regeneration within the cultural landscape, and forest expansion has impacts on accessibility, visibility, and landscape aesthetics, thereby affecting the country's tourism industry. This study aimed at identifying the potential areas of forest regeneration and anticipated subsequent landscape effects on different categories of tourist locations in southern Norway. Deforested areas with a potential for forest regeneration were identified from several map sources by GIS-analyses, and 180 tourist locations were randomly selected from the Norwegian national tourism database (Reiselivsbasen), and then buffered by 2 km radius for land cover classes. The findings revealed that approximately 15% of southern Norway has the climatic potential for future forest regeneration, in addition to 5% of cultivated land. Future forest regeneration will affect the landscapes surrounding the tourist locations of rural south Norway, and while the potential is nationwide, it is not uniformly distributed. Two important tourist landscape regions seem especially exposed to forest regeneration: the coastal heath region and the mountain landscapes. Large parts of these areas do not have sufficient numbers of domestic grazing animals necessary to maintain the present character of the landscape.

• Bryn, Anders; Dramstad, Wenche; Fjellstad, Wendy Jane & Hofmeister, Frauke (2010). Rule-based GIS-modelling for management purposes: A case study from the islands of Froan, Sør-Trøndelag, mid-western Norway. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift. ISSN 0029-1951. 64(4), s. 175–184. doi: 10.1080/00291951.2010.528224. Vis sammendrag

  The coastal heath region along the western coast of Norway, dominated by Calluna vulgaris, is undergoing rapid change. Vegetation changes are caused by changes in management, including reduced frequency or abandonment of periodic heath burning and reduced cutting and grazing. The islands of Froan, in the outermost part of Sør-Trøndelag County in mid-western Norway, are dominated by coastal heath in a state of recession due to reduced traditional land use. The coastal heath is acknowledged as vulnerable and valuable by national environmental authorities, and local landscape management is supported by different national subsidies. The authors mapped the vegetation on Froan and used rule-based GIS-modelling to predict the relative potential for future vegetation changes. The model was based on a range of map layers, including management themes such as history of heath burning and peat removal, current practices of sheep grazing, and also themes derived from the vegetation map, such as soil nutrients, soil moisture and present management status. The resulting model output provides relative probabilities of future changes under different land-use scenarios, and highlights where management efforts should be focused in order to maintain the traditional landscape character.

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Edvardsen, Anette; Halvorsen, Rune; Bratli, Harald; Bryn, Anders; Dervo, Børre Kind & Erikstad, Lars [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Natur i Norge. Variasjon satt i system. Universitetsforlaget. ISBN 978-82-15-06986-9. 434 s.
• Bryn, Anders; Van der Wal, René; Norton, Lisa & Hofmeester, Tim R. (2023). Citizen science: data collection by volunteers. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-003-17924-5. 14 s.
• Bryn, Anders & Volden, Inger Kristine (2020). Biogeografi - biologiens geografi. Fagbokforlaget. ISBN 978-82-450-2158-5. 23 s.

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Di Biagio, Amanda Johansen & Bryn, Anders (2024). Klimatilpasning med skog i skredutsatt terreng. nationen.no. ISSN 1891-4659.
• Bryn, Anders (2024). Vurdering av avvik mellom NiN-naturtypekart fra Eiker.
• Bryn, Anders (2024). Setter vi pris på naturen? Naturavgift og naturens egenverdi.
• Bryn, Anders (2024). Ambisjoner og dilemma - grønn omstilling og arealbruk.
• Bryn, Anders (2024). Eksperimentelle studier av feltbasert NiN-kartlegging .
• Bryn, Anders (2024). NiN-boka med nåtidens utfordringer som bakteppe.
• Bryn, Anders (2024). Kartlegging etter NiN 3: endringer i regler, målestokker for både kartleggingsenheter og variabler.
• Bryn, Anders; Horvath, Peter; Naas, Adam Eindride & Tjessem, Ingrid Vesterdal (2023). Kartlegging av naturtyper etter Natur i Norge (NiN). Biolog. ISSN 0801-0722. s. 16–23.
• Tjessem, Ingrid Vesterdal; Bryn, Anders; Horvath, Peter & Naas, Adam Eindride (2023). Changing treeline: A 150-year perspective​.
• Bryn, Anders (2023). Kartlegging med NiN 3.0. [Internett]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ms_DrXwzmt8&list=PLOXeNzczfA. Vis sammendrag

  Videosnutter om naturkartlegging

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Forskning på kart. [Internett]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M05Qa-fdz_w&list=PLOXeNzczfA. Vis sammendrag

  Videosnutter om naturkartlegging

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Sikkerhet på jobb som kartlegger. [Internett]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0YG0a6wWlG8&list=PLOXeNzczfA. Vis sammendrag

  Videosnutter om naturkartlegging

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Hvordan finner man rett naturtype? [Internett]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fnR6wBSGYow&list=PLOXeNzczfA. Vis sammendrag

  Videosnutter om naturkartlegging

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Hva skal til for å bli en god kartlegger? [Internett]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVUBLq1BIhM&list=PLOXeNzczfA. Vis sammendrag

  Videosnutter om naturkartlegging

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Dette gjør kartleggere på jobb. [Internett]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EoSdGkiGX8s&list=PLOXeNzczfA. Vis sammendrag

  Videosnutter om naturkartlegging

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Hvorfor skal man kartlegge? [Internett]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1bBt5D-z_hg&list=PLOXeNzczf. Vis sammendrag

  Videosnutter om naturkartlegging

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Hva er naturkartlegging? [Internett]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1bBt5D-z_hg&list=PLOXeNzczfA. Vis sammendrag

  Videosnutter om naturkartlegging

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Naturkartlegging. [Internett]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4SgwmbGaJiE&list=PLOXeNzczfA. Vis sammendrag

  Videosnutter om naturkartlegging

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Forsker ut mot vindkraftplaner i villreinområde: – Håper det aldri blir noe av. [Avis]. Nationen.
• Bryn, Anders; Horvath, Peter; Volden, Inger Kristine; Stordal, Frode; Torma, Michal & Tjessem, Ingrid Vesterdal [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Citizen science for treeline mapping.
• Bryn, Anders (2023). Hvordan vil en kartlegger merke overgangen til NiN 3.0?
• Bryn, Anders (2023). Natur og klima i endring.
• Bryn, Anders (2023). The history of east-central Oslo.
• Bryn, Anders (2023). Ståan til Norsk skog. [Radio]. NRK Sommeråpent. Vis sammendrag

  15 minutters radiointervju med Tande-P på NRK P1, Sommeråpent, om tilstanden i Norsk skog.

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Slik endres Norge. [Avis]. VG.
• Bryn, Anders (2023). Natur i endring - hva skjer med den norske naturen?
• Bryn, Anders (2023). Utmarksbeiting og biofysiske klima-interaksjoner.
• Bryn, Anders (2023). Rødt kjøtt - bedre enn sitt rykte?
• Bryn, Anders; Brynildsrud, Katrine Marie; Horvath, Peter; Keetz, Lasse Torben; Lieungh, Eva & Naas, Adam Eindride [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). “Ground-truth" from field-based ecosystem mapping.
• Halvorsen, Rune & Bryn, Anders (2023). Hvorfor mangler naturkartlegging tillit? Altinget - Alt om politikk: [nettavis].
• Lind, Vibeke; Bryn, Anders & Tjomsland Spilling, Anette (2023). Usikkert hvordan beitedyr i utmarka påvirker klimaregnskapet. Vis sammendrag

  Metangassutslipp fra sau, storfe og geit utgjør rundt fire prosent av det totale norske klimagassutslippet. Mange av beregningene som utgjør grunnlaget for dette tallet, er imidlertid basert på utenlandske data, og det er flere forhold som ikke er tatt hensyn til.

• Bryn, Anders (2023). Natur i endring.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Arealkonflikter - trender, utvikling og påvirkning.
• Bryn, Anders; Horvath, Peter; Torma, Michal; Naas, Adam Eindride; Volden, Inger Kristine & Liahjell, Gunnar Thorsen [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Treeline research at Natural history museum (UiO) .
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Historical lines and recent development at the Natural History Museum in Oslo.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Utfordrer tregrensa: Se Oppdals kanskje høyestvoksende gran. [Avis]. https://www.opp.no/.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Tree- and forest line dynamics in Norway: causes and consequences.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). A brief history of Natural History Museum in Oslo.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Beitebruk, skjøtsel og biologisk mangfold.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Willy (75) svinger saga for å rydde fram turistperle. [Internett]. www.nrk.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Flere trær i fjellet gjør det varmere: – Ikke utelukkende positivt med trær. [Internett]. www.nrk.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Utmark, beiting og klima.
• Bryn, Anders; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria & Stordal, Frode (2022). Skogen utfordres i nytt klima. Nationen. ISSN 0805-3782. s. 20–20. Vis sammendrag

  Politikk som skal være grønn og klimavennlig kan ikke lene seg for kraftig på de grønne økosystemene. Eller satse på at de kan endres til vår fordel. Det er for risikabelt.

• Bryn, Anders (2022). Hyttebygging i fjellet - trender, utvikling og påvirkning på beitebruk.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Hyttebygging i fjellet - trender og utvikling.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Hva forskes det på når det gjelder kartlegging?
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Terrestrial ecosystem-climate interactions of our EMERALD planet.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Skogsbeiter i tørkeperioder.
• Bryn, Anders (2022). Naturtyper og geologi – kartlegging og bærekraft.
• Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Bryn, Anders & Stordal, Frode (2022). Fotosyntesen redder ikke klimaet. Nationen. ISSN 0805-3782. s. 19–19. Vis sammendrag

  Gjennom fotosyntesen tar plantene opp mye av de menneskeskapte klimagassutslippene. Tørke, brann, insektutbrudd og vindfall skaper imidlertid problemer for økosystemenes opptak og lagring av karbon.

• Bryn, Anders & Brynildsrud, Katrine Marie (2021). Er byskogen i Oslo like rik på arter som før? [Internett]. www.forskning.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Spesifikke utfordringer terrestrisk.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Generelt om feilkilder ved kartlegging i felt.
• Bryn, Anders & Brynildsrud, Katrine Marie (2021). Oslo er en biologisk hotspot. Katrine sjekker om kartet stemmer med terrenget. [Internett]. https://titan.uio.no. Vis sammendrag

  40 år gamle kart skal oppdateres for å se hvordan det står til med den artsrike byskogen i Oslo. Tiår med utbygging har satt sine spor.

• Bryn, Anders (2021). Korleis går det med naturen i Noreg? .
• Gullvåg, Rebekka; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Bryn, Anders; Brysting, Anne Krag & Vatne, Astrid (2021). Effects of high-latitude light conditions on stomatal conductance and photosynthesis in white clover (Trifolium repens) .
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Klimaendringar truar fristaden hennar på fjellet. [Internett]. NrK nettavis.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Tankevekkjande utstilling i Lom. [Avis]. Fjuken.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Varmare klima gav Glittertind ny lillebror. [Internett]. NrK nettavis.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Ny 2000 metertopp under Glittertind har smeltet fram. [TV]. NrK Dagsrevyen.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Om folkedugnaden “Natur i endring”.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Folkeforskning med Natur i endring.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Paradokser om natur og klima.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Naturen er i endring.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Ny utstilling om klima og natur ved Norsk Fjellsenter.
• Nilsen, Irene Brox; Dalen, Thea Grobstok & Bryn, Anders (2021). Vil du være med og registrere tregrensa i sommer? www.forskning.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2021). Wetlands and carbon in Norway.
• Bryn, Anders; Dalen, Thea Grobstok; Finne, Eirik Aasmo; Heiberg, Hanne; Keetz, Lasse Torben & Nilsen, Irene Brox [Vis alle 30 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Natur i endring - samspillet mellom klima og økosystemene.
• Tang, Hui; Aas, Kjetil Schanke; Finne, Eirik Aasmo; Althuizen, Inge; Fisher, Rosie A. & Tømmervik, Hans [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). The impact of moss and lichen on hydrological cycle at surface: a study using CLM-FATES.
• Keetz, Lasse Torben; Bryn, Anders; Horvath, Peter; Skarpaas, Olav; Tallaksen, Lena M. & Zliobaite, Indre (2021). Using machine learning to model the distribution of Vegetation Types across Norway.
• Bryn, Anders (2020). Frode Stordal - Wikipedia. Vis sammendrag

  Frode Stordal (født 12. juni 1950) er en norsk meteorolog som er professor emeritus i meteorologi ved Institutt for geofag, Universitetet i Oslo (UiO).

• Bryn, Anders (2020). Krattknusing – hvor gjør man det mest fornuftig? [Fagblad]. Norsk landbruksrådgiving.
• Bryn, Anders (2020). Denne blir fanga ulovlig og solgt for over 1000 kroner. [Internett]. NrK nettavis.
• Bryn, Anders (2020). Gjengroing og klima. Vis sammendrag

  Skog- og tregrensa i Norge stiger, men potensialet for mer gjengroing er stort. Både arealbruksendringer og klimaendringer bidrar. Den nye skogen påvirker klimaet på ulike måter, men det er fortsatt hull i kunnskapsgrunnlaget.

• Bryn, Anders; Bele, Bolette; Sickel, Hanne; Grøva, Lise; Flaten, Ola & Eltun, Ragnar [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Er fjell-landbruket en næring i soloppgang? Forskersonen.no. Vis sammendrag

  Effektiviseringskrav, befolkningsnedgang, klimaendringer, nye forbruksmønstre, gjengroing og flere hytter gir fjell-landbruket utfordringer. Hvordan kan fjell-landbruket utvikles og er vi forberedt på framtiden?

• Fouilloux, Anne Claire; Tang, Hui; Lieungh, Eva; Geange, Sonya Rita; Horvath, Peter & Bryn, Anders (2020). FATES on GALAXY facilitates ecologist and climate modeler collaboration.
• Fouilloux, Anne Claire; Tang, Hui; Lieungh, Eva; Geange, Sonya Rita; Horvath, Peter & Bryn, Anders (2020). Climate JupyterLab as an interactive tool in Galaxy.
• Fouilloux, Anne Claire; Tang, Hui; Lieungh, Eva; Geange, Sonya Rita; Horvath, Peter & Bryn, Anders (2020). Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator (FATES) with Community Land Model in Galaxy.
• Bryn, Anders; Hessen, Dag Olav & Stordal, Frode (2020). Før det bikker over. Klassekampen. ISSN 0805-3839. s. 18–19.
• Lieungh, Eva; Bryn, Anders; Stordal, Frode; Bjerke, Jarle W.; Tonjer, Lea-Rebekka & Bright, Ryan M. (2020). Norske fjell gror igjen i et varmere klima. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.). ISSN 0804-3116. s. 20–21.
• Bryn, Anders; Dalen, Thea Grobstok; Finne, Eirik Aasmo; Heiberg, Hanne; Nilsen, Irene Brox & Parmentier, Frans-Jan W. [Vis alle 22 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Natur i endring - en vandreutstilling.
• Bryn, Anders (2019). EMERALDs forskning på vegetasjonsendringer.
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Vegetasjonskart - Wikipedia. Vis sammendrag

  Et vegetasjonskart er et forenklet (kartografisk generalisert) kartbilde av fordeling og utbredelse av vegetasjonstyper i terrenget Vegetasjonskartet viser vegetasjonstypenes fordeling slik den var på det tidspunktet området ble kartlagt. Typene er stabile over tid med mindre det ikke skjer større endringer i økologiske betingelser. Snaumarksareal som gror igjen etter endret arealbruk eller klimaendringer, vil etter hvert måtte ajourføres.

• Puschmann, Oskar; Lusæter, Even & Bryn, Anders (2019). Tregrense på 1404 moh bekymrer. [Radio]. NRK P1 - "Her og nå".
• Puschmann, Oskar; Bryn, Anders & Lusæter, Even (2019). Fjellbjørk ved Glittertind. [TV]. NRK. Vis sammendrag

  Innslag på Distriktsnyheter Østnytt, 19.august 2019, kl. 18:50

• Lusæter, Even; Puschmann, Oskar & Bryn, Anders (2019). Norgesmester til besvær. [Internett]. NRK. Vis sammendrag

  Ved foten av Norges nest høyeste fjell, Glittertind, rager et grønt og frodig tre i det ellers så kortvokste landskapet, 1404 meter over havet. Fint tenker kanskje noen. Et farevarsel, mener forsker Anders Bryn ved Naturhistorisk museum, Universitetet i Oslo (UiO). Tendensen er at Norge blir grønnere og at det gror igjen. Det går fort. Det ser vi på bildene fra 50 år siden. Det tar ikke lang tid, forteller Oskar Puschmann, seniorrådgiver ved Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi (NIBIO).

• Bryn, Anders (2019). Landskap i endring. [Radio]. NRK.
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Fjellbjørk ved Glittertind. [TV]. NRK.
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Beiting bra for klima. [TV]. NRK.
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Folkeforskning: gull eller gråstein?
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Det finnes gode grunner til å beholde utmarksbasert husdyrproduksjon i fjellbygdene. Gudbrandsdølen Dagningen. s. 24–24.
• Bryn, Anders & Skarpaas, Olav (2019). Folkeforskning på tregrenser. Museumsnytt. ISSN 0027-4186. s. 46–47.
• Skarpaas, Olav; Eriksen, Eva Lieungh & Bryn, Anders (2019). Klimaforskning ved NHM.
• Dolan, Margaret; Bekkby, Trine; Buhl-Mortensen, Pål; Andersen, Guri Sogn; van Son, Thijs Christiaan & Thormar, Jonas [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Phasing in use of the “Nature in Norway” (NiN) system for classification and description of nature in the marine environment – experiences, challenges and international relevance. .
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Skoggrensa i endring.
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Ber kommunene ta hytteansvar. [Avis]. Gudbrandsdølen Dagningen.
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Vil du hjelpe skogforskerne? [Internett]. https://ung.forskning.no/.
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Tur- og fjellfolk i skogforskernes tjeneste. [Internett]. www.forskning.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Tregrensa trekker seg oppover. [Avis]. Gudbrandsdølen Dagningen .
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Her kan Nøkkelen til klimaløsningen ligge. [Avis]. Gudbrandsdølen Dagningen.
• Bryn, Anders; Volden, Inger Kristine; Horvath, Peter; Torma, Michal & Stordal, Frode (2019). Hvor raskt stiger tre- og skoggrensene i Norge? Folkeforskning i praksis. .
• Bryn, Anders (2019). Klimagasser og hvordan de virker i atmosfæren.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Vegetasjonskart - Wikipedia. Vis sammendrag

  Et vegetasjonskart er et forenklet (kartografisk generalisert) kartbilde av fordeling og utbredelse av vegetasjonstyper i terrenget.[1] Vegetasjonskartet viser vegetasjonstypenes fordeling slik den var på det tidspunktet området ble kartlagt.

• Skarpaas, Olav; Bryn, Anders; Torma, Michal; Horvath, Peter & Volden, Inger Kristine (2018). Folkeforskning med mobil-app: tregrenser og naturmangfold.
• Haga, Hannah Emma Emilie Strømsrud; Bryn, Anders; Nilsen, Anne-Barbi & Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter (2018). Opplæring av nye feltkartleggere: ABC-metoden. Kart og Plan. ISSN 0047-3278. 78(4), s. 377–382.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Paradokset ved bruk og vern av norsk natur - tap av villmarkspreget natur.
• Bryn, Anders; Volden, Inger Kristine; Horvath, Peter & Torma, Michal (2018). Folkeforskning: Norge gror igjen - hva skjer i naturen og hvordan påvirkes ferdsel og opplevelser? Vis sammendrag

  Skoggrensa i Norge er på vei oppover. I et forsøk på å bevisstgjøre folk på endringene som skjer i naturen, har Naturhistorisk museum i Oslo og Den Norske Turistforening utviklet folkeforskningsprosjektet Natur i endring. Skjelettet i prosjektet er en app, som gir turgåere anledning til å registrere de øverste skogene og trærne. Appen gir folk en plattform som de selv kan utforske det norske landskapet ut ifra. Deltakerne må løfte blikket på jakt etter høytliggende trær og skoger. Samtidig vil de forhåpentligvis reflektere over hvorfor disse trærne befinner seg akkurat der. Allerede da har de tatt inn over seg noe essensielt, at naturen påvirkes av oss mennesker. Da blir det kanskje lettere å forstå hvorfor klimaendringene ikke bare smelter is på Nordpolen, men at de er med på å endre det norske fjellandskapet i dag. Prosjektet har mottatt finansiell støtte fra Sparebankstiftelsen DNB.

• Bryn, Anders (2018). Kva betyr kulturlandskapet for reiselivet? .
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Skogens ekspansjon i fjellet.
• Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Eriksen, Aud Berglen; Falk, Stefanie; Bryn, Anders; Viken, Jeanette & Stordal, Frode (2018). Ozonforurensning. Klima, vegetasjon og matproduksjon.
• Bryn, Anders; Torma, Michal; Horvath, Peter & Volden, Inger Kristine (2018). Natur i endring (mobil app for iOS og Android, tilgjengelig på norsk og engelsk).
• Bryn, Anders; Torma, Michal; Volden, Inger Kristine & Horvath, Peter (2018). www.naturiendring.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Hyttebyggerne følger etter når tregrensa kryper høyere opp i fjellet. [Avis]. Tønsberg Blad.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Skog på fjelltur. [Tidsskrift]. Fjell & Vidde.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Det får være grenser! . [Tidsskrift]. Hytteliv.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Albedoeffekten – den glemte faktoren i klimaregnskapet. [Tidsskrift]. Buskap.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Tur på fjellet kan bli tur i skogen. [Internett]. www.dnt.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Nå kan du også bli “klimaforsker”. [Avis]. Aftenposten.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Norwegen: Klimaforscher bitten Bergwanderer um Hilfe. [Internett]. www.polarkreisportal.de.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Bli med ut og forsk. [Avis]. Tidens Krav.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Hvor er det øverste treet i regionen? [Avis]. Bladet Vesterålen .
• Bryn, Anders (2018). No skal turgåarar bli klimaforskarar. [Avis]. Sogn Avis.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Gå tur og bli «klimaforskar». [Internett]. www.fjuken.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Ny app gjev turgåarar høve til å verte klimaforskarar. [Internett]. www.framtida.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Å ikke se fjellet for bare trær. [Avis]. Valdres.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Turgåarar skal bli klimaforskarar. [Avis]. Nationen.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Jakter «grenseløse» trær. [Avis]. Altaposten.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Bli med ut å hjelp klimaforskerne. [Avis]. Gudbrandsdølen Dagningen .
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Meir myr i Noreg enn tidlegare antatt. [Internett]. www.forskning.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Mykje meir myr enn tidlegare antatt. [Avis]. Nationen.
• Tonjer, Lea-Rebekka; Thoen, Ella; Morgado, Luis Neves; Mundra, Sunil; Nybakken, Line & Bryn, Anders [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Changes in the soil fungal community across the mountain birch tree line ecotone.
• Tonjer, Lea-Rebekka; Thoen, Ella & Bryn, Anders (2018). Uten soppen når ikke skogen toppen. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.). ISSN 0804-3116. s. 12–13.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Natur i endring.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). “Enn om vi kledte fjellet”. Skog Årsaker og konsekvenser av endrede skog- og tregrenser.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Hva skjer med naturen i Norge? Er det sant at klimaet påvirker oss?
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Sammenhenger mellom beiting, vegetasjon og atmosfære / albedoeffekter.
• Bryn, Anders (2018). Classification of nature – purpose and challenges.
• Horvath, Peter; Halvorsen, Rune; Stordal, Frode; Tang, Hui & Bryn, Anders (2018). Distribution models of vegetation types in Norway.
• Aune-Lundberg, Linda & Bryn, Anders (2017). Predicting small scale presence of a vegetation type using distribution modelling.
• Bryn, Anders (2017). Helgeland preges i stadig større grad av ugjennomtrengelig krattskog. [Avis]. Helgelendingen.
• Bryn, Anders (2017). Høytliggende hytter – mange 1000 meter over havet. [Avis]. Eidsvoll Ullensaker Blad .
• Bryn, Anders (2017). Den magiske 1000-meteren. [Avis]. Oppdalingen.
• Bryn, Anders; Horvath, Peter & Volden, Inger Kristine (2017). Høyest til fjells i landet. [Avis]. Gudbrandsdølen Dagningen.
• Bryn, Anders; Horvath, Peter & Volden, Inger Kristine (2017). Norsk høyderekord for liten bjørk. [Avis]. Varden.
• Bryn, Anders; Horvath, Peter & Volden, Inger Kristine (2017). Norsk rekord for lita bjørk. [Avis]. Nationen.
• Bryn, Anders; Horvath, Peter & Volden, Inger Kristine (2017). Norsk rekord for liten bjørk. [Avis]. Tønsberg Blad.
• Bryn, Anders (2017). 1000 meter over havet. [Avis]. Stavanger Aftenblad.
• Bryn, Anders (2017). Nå vil vi ha hytte på snaufjellet. [Avis]. Aftenposten.
• Bryn, Anders (2017). Noen ringer faktisk for å spørre om vi har tomter som ligger høyere enn 1000 meter over havet. [Internett]. Abito.
• Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter & Bryn, Anders (2017). Optimizing the land cover mapping process in Norway.
• Tang, Hui; Stordal, Frode; Berntsen, Terje Koren & Bryn, Anders (2017). Improve dynamic vegetation model of community land model in simulating Arctic vegetation and its interaction with climate.
• Rydsaa, Johanne Hope; Stordal, Frode; Bryn, Anders & Tallaksen, Lena M. (2017). Effects of shrub cover changes on the near surface atmosphere in northern Fennoscandia: A model study.
• Horvath, Peter; Tang, Hui; Stordal, Frode & Bryn, Anders (2017). Terrestrial vegetation ecological climatology.
• Bryn, Anders; Volden, Inger Kristine; Horvath, Peter & Stordal, Frode (2017). Skogen er på fjelltur. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.). ISSN 0804-3116. s. 12–13.
• Volden, Inger Kristine; Horvath, Peter & Bryn, Anders (2017). Ei historie om Lærdalsskogen. Sogn Avis. s. 12–12.
• Bryn, Anders; Stordal, Frode; Berntsen, Terje Koren & Tang, Hui (2017). Vegetation dynamics - distribution, modelling and feedbacks.
• Bryn, Anders (2017). Communication, outreach and citizen science.
• Bryn, Anders; Potthoff, Kerstin; Horvath, Peter; Volden, Inger Kristine; Tang, Hui & Berntsen, Terje Koren [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Greening and browning: 100 years of tree- and forest line dynamics.
• Bryn, Anders (2017). Hvordan bli en bedre foredragsholder – enkle grep til bedre foredrag.
• Bryn, Anders (2017). 100 years of tree- and forest line changes in eastern Jotunheimen.
• Bryn, Anders (2017). Vegetasjon-atmosfære interaksjoner ved beiting.
• Bryn, Anders (2017). Hva skjer med den norske naturen?
• Aune, Sigrun; Bryn, Anders & Hovstad, Knut (2017). Loss of semi-natural grasslands in the boreal region - A case study from Norway.
• Motrøen, Terje & Bryn, Anders (2017). From agriculture to tourism: results from a study program in knowledge tourism. Abstracts and Proceedings of the Geological Society of Norway. 1, s. 60–61.
• Motrøen, Terje & Bryn, Anders (2017). Fra landbruk til reiseliv - resultater av et desentralisert studieprogram i kunnskapsturisme.
• Rekdal, Yngve; Angeloff, Michael & Bryn, Anders (2016). Myr i Noreg. NIBIO POP. ISSN 2464-1170. 2(1). Vis sammendrag

  Myr er ein viktig naturtype med eit særeige artsmangfald. Myrene er viktige for omregulering, og dei utgjer eit stort karbonlager. I Noreg er myrarealet 28 300 km2 og utgjer 9 % av landarealet. Dette viser tal frå prosjektet «Arealrekneskap for ut- mark» som no er presentert for heile landet. I tillegg til myr kjem 9 400 km2 anna forsumpa areal i form av sumpskog, som er 3 % av landarealet. Samla forsumpa areal utgjer da 12 %.

• Bryn, Anders (2016). Projects / research-groups at Department of Biosciences (UiO) working with terrestrial vegetation climatological ecology.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Plans for a Climate Center at Natural History Museum.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Systems for mapping of vegetation and nature types.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Mer myr enn antatt. [Internett]. www.forskning.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Meir myr enn antatt. [Avis]. Nationen.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Utsiktsstøtte ikke klar. [Avis]. Nationen.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Husdyr i utmark bremser oppvarminga. [Avis]. Nationen.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Norges fjellandskap er dramatisk forandret. [Internett]. www.forskning.no.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Norway's mountain landscape has changed dramatically. [Internett]. Science Nordic.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Beitedyr best mot gjengroing. [Avis]. Trønder-Avisa.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Kartlegging av naturtyper etter NiN.
• Bryn, Anders (2016). Ever wondered how to give a good presentation?
• Kvamme, Mons; Svalheim, Ellen; Bryn, Anders & Norderhaug, Ann (2016). Frisoner for rovdyr kan true mangfoldet. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.). ISSN 0804-3116. s. 26–26.
• Kvamme, Mons; Svalheim, Ellen; Bryn, Anders & Norderhaug, Ann (2016). Vil frisoner for rovdyr fremme mangfoldet i naturen? Bonde og småbruker. ISSN 0801-7662. s. 3–3.
• Kvamme, Mons; Svalheim, Ellen; Bryn, Anders & Norderhaug, Ann (2016). Fremmer rovdyr-frisoner mangfold? Nationen. ISSN 0805-3782. s. 18–18.
• Bryn, Anders; Rekdal, Yngve; Moen, Asbjørn & Stordal, Frode (2016). Store kunnskapshull i myra. Nationen. ISSN 0805-3782. s. 18–18.
• Tang, Hui; Stordal, Frode; Berntsen, Terje Koren & Bryn, Anders (2016). Dynamical vegetation-atmosphere modelling of the boreal zone.
• Potthoff, Kerstin & Bryn, Anders (2016). Tree- and forest line dynamics in Norwegian mountain areas.
• Bryn, Anders & Angeloff, Michael (2015). Kartmodell viser gjengroing. Fakta fra Skog og landskap. 15(17). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Det norske landskapet gror igjen med skog og kratt. En ny kartmodell viser hvilke områder i Norge som kan gro igjen.

• Aune, Sigrun; Hovstad, Knut; Bryn, Anders & Halvorsen, Rune (2015). Semi-natural grasslands in a Central Norwegian boreal landscape.
• Bryn, Anders; Moen, Asbjørn & Halvorsen, Rune (2015). Naturvernet er ikke tjent med konfrontasjon. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.). ISSN 0804-3116.
• Halvorsen, Rune; Moen, Asbjørn & Bryn, Anders (2015). Markavern på utrygg grunn. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.). ISSN 0804-3116. s. 3–3.
• Sang, Neil; Dramstad, Wenche & Bryn, Anders (2015). Agricultural land: Dimensions of land management and abandonment.
• Bryn, Anders (2015). Natur i Norge (NiN) kartlegging.
• Bryn, Anders (2015). Kartlegging av naturtyper.
• Halvorsen, Rune; Moen, Asbjørn; Bryn, Anders & Ulvang, Vegar (2015). Naturvernloven blir misbrukt. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.). ISSN 0804-3116. s. 28–29.
• Bryn, Anders (2015). Samspillet mellom vegetasjon, mennesker og klima.
• Bryn, Anders (2015). Klimatisk økologi.
• Bryn, Anders (2015). Veileder for kartlegging av naturtyper (NiN).
• Bryn, Anders (2015). Botanisk hage - 200 år i nasjonens tjeneste. Kulturarven : kysten, innlandet, byen. ISSN 0806-7023. s. 10–12.
• Motrøen, Terje & Bryn, Anders (2015). From agriculture to knowledge tourism? NGF Abstracts and Proceedings of the Geological Society of Norway. s. 67–68.
• Motrøen, Terje & Bryn, Anders (2015). Kunnskapsturisme - fra landbruk til reiseliv?
• Bryn, Anders (2014). Trender i landskapet. Framtidig bruk og partnerskap.
• Bryn, Anders (2014). NiN kartlegging og generelt om naturkartlegging.
• Bryn, Anders (2014). Radiative forcing effects of albedo versus biogenic aerosols.
• Bryn, Anders (2014). Separating causes for range expansion at northern latitudes.
• Haanshuus, Kristin & Bryn, Anders (2014). Reiselivets kulturlandskap. Kulturarven : kysten, innlandet, byen. ISSN 0806-7023. s. 26–29.
• Bryn, Anders (2014). Splitting of mosaic vegetation type polygons using maximum entropy modelling.
• Bryn, Anders & Flø, Bjørn Egil (2013). Ikke et godt klimatiltak. Tidens Krav.
• Bryn, Anders & Flø, Bjørn Egil (2013). Grana redder ikke klimaet. Klassekampen. ISSN 0805-3839.
• Bryn, Anders & Flø, Bjørn Egil (2013). Kulturlandskapet gror igjen - hva så? Nordisk bygd. ISSN 0908-911X. 23, s. 34–43.
• Bryn, Anders (2012). Kulturlandskapet gror igjen. Skog. ISSN 1892-9990. 4, s. 52–54.
• Hemsing, Lars Østby & Bryn, Anders (2012). Fjellhytter blir skogshytter. Fjell og vidde. ISSN 0332-8775. 4, s. 18–18.
• Bryn, Anders & Hemsing, Lars Østby (2012). Freda bygninger i landskap som gror igjen. Kulturarven : kysten, innlandet, byen. ISSN 0806-7023. 60, s. 26–27.
• Hemsing, Lars Østby & Bryn, Anders (2012). Attgroing, hytter og sau. Sau og geit. ISSN 0036-5009. 2, s. 8–11.
• Bryn, Anders & Hemsing, Lars Østby (2011). ’Enn om vi kledte fjellet….’. Kulturarven : kysten, innlandet, byen. ISSN 0806-7023. 57, s. 25–27.
• Bryn, Anders & Flø, Bjørn Egil (2011). Gjengroing i kulturlandskapet. Kulturarven : kysten, innlandet, byen. ISSN 0806-7023. 57, s. 28–31.
• Bryn, Anders; Bjørke, Nils T & Almquist, Knut (2011). Norge gror igjen – hva så? Nationen. ISSN 0805-3782.
• Bryn, Anders & Eiter, Sebastian (2010). Gjengroing i Norge: årsaker og konsekvenser. Plan: Tidsskrift for samfunnsplanlegging, byplan og regional utvikling. ISSN 0805-083X. 3-4, s. 24–29.
• Bryn, Anders & Flø, Bjørn Egil (2010). Reiseliv og kulturlandskap: CULTOUR. Kulturarven : kysten, innlandet, byen. ISSN 0806-7023. 52, s. 26–29.
• Bryn, Anders; Flø, Bjørn Egil & Jordet, Kerstin (2010). Nasjonalparklandsbyer? Nationen. ISSN 0805-3782.
• Bryn, Anders (2010). Forskere og journalister. Journalisten. ISSN 0332-7108. 4, s. 12–12.
• Bryn, Anders (2010). Bøndene holder landskapet åpent. Bonde og småbruker. ISSN 0801-7662. 6.
• Rønningen, Katrina; Frisvoll, Svein; Bekkby, Trine; Dramstad, Wenche; Fjellstad, Wendy Jane & Bryn, Anders (2010). Vern, forvaltning og oppdrett i uklare vernelandskap. Plan: Tidsskrift for samfunnsplanlegging, byplan og regional utvikling. ISSN 0805-083X. 2010(3-4), s. 64–74.
• Rekdal, Yngve & Bryn, Anders (2010). MAPPING OF VEGETATION IN NORWAY. I Bryn, Anders; Dramstad, Wenche & Fjellstad, Wendy Jane (Red.), Mapping and Monitoring of Nordic Vegetation and Landscapes. Norsk institutt for skog og landskap. ISSN 1890-159X. s. 93–96. Vis sammendrag

  For almost 40 years the Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute (Norsk institutt for skog og landskap) has mapped vegetation in Norway. In total, just over 10 % of the country’s land area has been mapped, most of which is in the mountain regions. The resultant vegetation maps are the closest Norway has to an ecological map series. Many secondary map themes can be derived from the vegetation map and the digital format allows a wealth of both spatial and temporal GIS-analyses. Accordingly, there are many user groups and topics of interest. During 2009 the aim is to make the institute’s vegetation maps available to all via the Internet in a seamless database.

• Bryn, Anders (2010). Forest limit changes in southern Norway: ways of giving casual explanations for spatiotemporal changes detected from vegetation maps. I Bryn, Anders; Dramstad, Wenche & Fjellstad, Wendy Jane (Red.), Mapping and Monitoring of Nordic Vegetation and Landscapes. Norsk institutt for skog og landskap. ISSN 1890-159X. s. 25–28. Vis sammendrag

  Extensive landscape and vegetation changes are apparent within southern Norway, specifically the expansion of forests into new areas and to higher altitudes. Two main processes are believed to cause these changes: regrowth after abandoned human utilisation and recent climate changes. The purpose of this article is to elucidate ways of separating the effects of these two processes on spatiotemporal changes in the upper forest limits using examples from southern Norway. Examples from two spatial scales are implemented, a vegetation map study of a mountain region in south-east Norway and a national map-based study of south Norway. The findings show that multiple methods are necessary to understand the forest limit changes and that the research focus should be on the separation of potential drivers, specifically climate improvements and land-use changes.

• Motrøen, Terje & Bryn, Anders (2009). Hvordan bidra til distriktsutvikling. Klassekampen. ISSN 0805-3839.
• Bekkby, Trine; Andersen, Guri Sogn; Dolan, Margaret; Rinde, Eli; Thormar, Jonas & Haugland, Barbro Taraldset [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Metodehåndbok marint. Kartleggingsmetodikk og variabler (NiN 3.0). Artsdatabanken. ISSN 978-82-92838-65-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Dervo, Børre Kind; Naas, Adam Eindride & Bryn, Anders (2023). Feltveileder limnisk. Regler, typetabeller og praktiske råd (NiN 3.0). Artsdatabanken. ISSN 978-82-92838-64-8.
• Bryn, Anders; Haugland, Barbro Taraldset; Dolan, Margaret; Bekkby, Trine & Naas, Adam Eindride (2023). Feltveileder marint. Regler, typetabeller og praktiske råd (NiN 3.0). Artsdatabanken. ISSN 978-82-92838-63-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bryn, Anders & Naas, Adam Eindride (2023). Feltveileder terrestrisk. Regler, typetabeller og praktiske råd (NiN 3.0). Artsdatabanken. ISSN 978-82-92838-62-4.
• Bryn, Anders; Andersen, Guri Sogn; Bekkby, Trine; Bratli, Harald; Dervo, Børre Kind & Dolan, Margaret [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Hovedveileder for feltbasert kartlegging. Terrestrisk, limnisk og marin naturvariasjon etter NiN (3.0). Artsdatabanken. ISSN 978-82-92838-61-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Strand, Geir-Harald; Svensson, Arvid; Rekdal, Yngve; Stokstad, Grete; Mathiesen, Henrik Forsberg & Bryn, Anders (2021). Verdiskaping i utmark: Status og muligheter. NIBIO. ISSN 978-82-17-02944-1. 7(175). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Om lag 5 % av landarealet i Norge er bebygd eller opparbeidet areal. De resterende 95 % er utmark. Fotosyntesebasert verdiskaping i utmark skjer i form av skogbruk, utmarksbeite, reindrift og en rekke former for høstingsbruk. Rapporten gir en overordnet beskrivelse av status og muligheter med hensyn til denne verdiskapingen. Rapporten tar også for seg arealbruks- og målkonflikter som kan oppstå når utmarka tas i bruk.

• Halvorsen, Rune; Wollan, Anders Kvalvåg; Bryn, Anders; Bratli, Harald & Horvath, Peter (2021). Naturtypekart etter NiN for området omkring Veia (Nedre Eiker og Øvre Eiker, Buskerud). Naturhistorisk museum. ISSN 978-82-7970-126-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bryn, Anders; Bekkby, Trine; Dervo, Børre Kind; Dolan, Margaret & Halvorsen, Rune (2020). Hovedveileder for feltbasert kartlegging av terrestrisk, limnisk og marin naturvariasjon etter NiN. Artsdatabanken. ISSN 978-82-92838-54-9. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Formålet med veilederen er å fylle det kunnskapsrommet som trengs for å bruke natursystemnivået i NiN til feltbasert kartlegging; både til opplæring av nye kartleggere, til hjelp ved utlysning av oppdrag, og som veiledning for ulike brukere av naturtypekart. Feltbasert kartlegging etter NiN brukes og lyses ut for mange ulike formål, og veilederen bærer derfor preg av å skulle dekke mange ulike behov. Veilederen inkluderer kartlegging av terrestriske, limniske og marine økosystemer. Veilederen definerer ikke hvordan de enkelte sektorer skal løse sine kartleggingsbehov, men viser hvordan ulike behov og utfordringer kan løses. Formålet med veilederen er å bidra til at resultatene av praktisk kartlegging blir så gode som mulig. Naturtypekartenes kvalitet styres imidlertid i stor grad av rammer utenfor denne veilederen. Det er de ulike sektorene som organiserer og lyser ut oppdrag som avgjør hvordan kartleggingen i praksis foregår. Dette dokumentet er derfor en veileder, ikke en instruks.

• Bryn, Anders & Horvath, Peter (2020). Kartlegging av NiN naturtyper i målestokk 1:5000 rundt flux-tårnet og på Hansbunuten, Finse (Vestland). Naturhistorisk museum, Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 978-82-7970-122-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Halvorsen, Rune; Bryn, Anders; Bratli, Harald & Horvath, Peter (2020). Naturtypekart etter NiN for et område omkring Unsetsætra (Biri, Gjøvik, Oppland). Naturhistorisk Museum. ISSN 978–82–7970–120–0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Arnesen, Tor; Ellingsen, Winfried; Lerfald, Merethe & Bryn, Anders (2020). Vil vi opp? Omsetning av fritidsbygg i sonen mellom skog og fjell. Høgskolen i Innlandet. ISSN 2535-5678. 2020(6). Vis sammendrag

  Østlandsforskning har på oppdrag fra Klima- og moderniseringsdepartmentet identifisere og analysert mulige sammenhenger i markedet for omsetning av fritidsbygg og skoggrenser. Er omsetningsomfang og omsetningsbeløp gjennomgående høyere jo nærmere eller over skoggrensen objektene er lokalisert? Analyseområdet er det indre fjellområdet med til sammen 113 (2919)-kommuner i Sør-Norge sør for Trøndelag Fylke. Studien konkluderer med at det for perioden 2000 til 2020 og i det indre fjellområdet ikke kan påvises sammenheng mellom omsetningsbeløp og avstand til klimatisk skoggrense. Derimot er en stadig økende andel fritidsbygg lokalisert til Markedssonen (inntil 200 høydemeter under klimatisk skoggrense, eller over denne) gjennom de knappe 20 år denne analysen dekker. Viktigere enn om et objekt er plassert over eller undere skoggrensen, synes utsikt og tilgang til infrastruktur (teknisk infrastruktur, aktivitetsinfrastruktur, kommersiell infrastruktur) å være viktigere for etterspørsel og prising i markedet.

• Arnesen, Tor & Bryn, Anders (2020). Fritidsboliger og skoggrensen i fjellområder. Høgskolen i Innlandet. ISSN 2535-5678. 2020(2). Vis sammendrag

  Klima- og miljødepartementet har bestilt denne analysen som inngår i et arbeid med å vurdere behov for utbyggingsgrenser som virkemiddel for arealbruksmyndighetene. Utredningen gir i den sammenheng et faggrunnlag blant annet for vurdering av mulige statlige planretningslinjer for deler av fjellområdene. Analyseområdet i utredningen er 113 kommuner i det indre av Sør-Norge fra og med Trøndelag. Dette området benevnes Fjellkommuner og Tilliggende fjellkommuner. Verneområdene er medtatt i analyseområdet. Analyse viser utviklingen av fritidsboliger i skoggrensesonen for hele analyseområdet, og en detaljstudie av (15) utvalgte områder hvor det har vært størst utviklingsdynamikk i skog / snaufjell – grenseland.

• Bratli, Harald; Halvorsen, Rune; Bryn, Anders; Arnesen, Geir; Bendiksen, Egil & Jordal, Jon Bjarne [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Beskrivelse av kartleggingsenheter i målestokk 1:5000 etter NiN (2.2.0). Utgave 1, kartleggingsveileder nr 4. Artsdatabanken. ISSN 978-82-92838-50-1.
• Horvath, Peter; Nilsen, Anne-Barbi & Bryn, Anders (2019). Oppsett og tilrettelegging av QGIS for NiN naturtypekartlegging. Naturhistorisk museum. ISSN 1891-8050. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Metodene for feltbasert kartlegging av naturtyper i Norge er i utvikling. Kartlegging baserer seg nå i hovedsak på bruk av digitale plattformer med tilrettelagt programvare. Siden lanseringen av Natur i Norge (NiN 2.0) i 2015 har det vært behov for opplæring i digital kartlegging av naturtyper i felt. Til bruk i undervisningen ved Universitetet i Oslo har vi tilrettelagt QGIS (versjon 3.2) for feltbasert kartlegging av NiN-naturtyper. Denne rapporten viser oppsettet og gir veiledning i bruken slik at andre kan benytte seg av QGIS i sin undervisning eller opplæring av ansatte. Oppsettet kan også brukes til kartlegging for andre formål, f.eks. til forskningsformål eller arealundersøkelser. Det brukertilpassede oppsettet ligger fritt tilgjengelig på GitHub.

• Andersen, Guri Sogn; Bekkby, Trine; Dolan, Margaret; Bøe, Reidulv; Thormar, Jonas & Buhl-Mortensen, Pål [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Feltveileder for Kartlegging av marin naturvariasjon etter NiN (2.2.0). Artsdatabanken. ISSN 978-82-92838-49-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Formålet med veilederen Veilederens hovedformål er å bidra til at resultatene av praktisk kartlegging i sjø i henhold til NiNs type og beskrivelsessystem blir så gode som mulig og sammenlignbare på tvers av kartleggere. Dette innebærer å beskrive hvordan, og i hvilken grad, den observerte naturvariasjonen bør forenkles under kartlegging. Veilederen skal oppsummere den kunnskapen som trengs for å kartlegge i sjø etter NiN, og i overenstemmelse med prinsippene som er omtalt i hovedveilederen (Bryn m. fl. 2018). Feltveilederen skal gi de generelle rammene for NiN-kartlegging i sjø, inkludert metodikk og verktøy, og har kartleggere som målgruppe. Denne feltveilederen dekker NiNs natursystemnivå med tilhørende type- og beskrivelsessystem for saltvannsbunnsystemer og marine vannmasser, og omfatter ikke andre deler av NiN. Veilederens Del D gir en beskrivelse av de ulike marine hovedtypene og miljøvariablene (LKMene) som definerer typeinndelingen. Denne delen gir også en veiledning til kartlegging av de ulike marine naturtypene på natursystemnivået for målestokkene 1:5 000, 1:20 000 og 1:100 000, i enkelte tilfeller også for målestokkene 1:500 og 1:2 500 (som er spesielt relevant for Fast fjærebeltebunn og evt. andre naturtyper som har liten arealutbredelse og som lar seg avgrense direkte i felt). Hovedveilederen (Bryn m. fl. (2018)) skisserer noen sentrale forutsetninger som en veileder for kartlegging av naturtyper avhenger av, blant annet at det finnes et type- og beskrivelsessystem som er tilpasset praktisk kartlegging. Det betyr at det må finnes tilstrekkelig erfaring med praktisk bruk av systemet. Disse forutsetningen er i all hovedsak ikke oppfylt for kartlegging i sjø. Det er derfor viktig å presisere at dette er en første-generasjons veileder for kartlegging i sjø etter NiN (versjon 2.2.0) på natursystemnivå. Etter hvert som denne veilederen testes i felt, vil erfaringer høstes og bidra til en videre utvikling og en revidering basert på nye erfaringer og evt. nye metoder som måtte utvikles.

• Halvorsen, Rune; Eriksen, Eva Lieungh; Wollan, Anders Kvalvåg; Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter; Bryn, Anders & Bratli, Harald [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Forarbeid til standard for kontroll av kvalitet i naturtypekart etter NiN. FoU rapport 1. Artsdatabanken. ISSN 978-82-92838-51-8.
• Wollan, Anders Kvalvåg; Bratli, Harald; Bryn, Anders; Eriksen, Eva Lieungh; Nilsen, Anne-Barbi & Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Test av metoder for etterkontroll av kvalitet i naturtypekart etter NiN versjon 2, på Jeløya 2017. Natur i Norge FoU-Rapport 2. . Artsdatabanken.
• Bryn, Anders; Halvorsen, Rune & Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter (2018). Hovedveileder for kartlegging av terrestrisk naturvariasjon i Norge (Version 2.2.0). Utgave 1. NiN-artikkel 7. Artsdatabanken. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bryn, Anders & Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter (2018). Veileder for kartlegging av terrestrisk naturvariasjon etter NiN (2.2.0) i målestokk 1:5.000 og 1:20.000. Kort versjon til bruk i felt. Artsdatabanken. ISSN 978-82-92838-47-1.
• Framstad, Erik; Bryn, Anders; Dramstad, Wenche & Sverdrup-Thygeson, Anne (2018). Grønn infrastruktur. Landskapsøkologiske sammenhenger for å ta vare på naturmangfoldet. Norsk institutt for naturforskning. ISSN 978-82-426-3138-1. 1410(1410). Vis sammendrag

  Grønn infrastruktur representerer arealer og landskapselementer med særlig betydning som leve- og forflytningsområder for arter eller viktige områder for sentrale økologiske prosesser. Bevaring og utvikling av grønn infrastruktur er et viktig tiltak for å ivareta økologiske sammen-henger i landskapet og kan bidra til å redusere effektene av kommende klimaendringer. Her gir vi en kort gjennomgang av landskapsøkologiske prinsipper for å ta vare på økologiske sam-menhenger og skisserer aktuelle kriterier for å identifisere viktige deler av grønn infrastruktur i ulike hovedøkosystemer. Vi gir også oversikt over aktuelle datakilder og hvordan disse kan sammenstilles for å synliggjøre grønn infrastruktur på kart og i planverktøy. Betydningen av ulike arealer og landskapselementer varierer for ulike arter. Landskapsstruktur nær den naturen selv har formet, vil trolig være best egnet til å ivareta stedegent naturmang-fold. Jo større områder er, jo flere individer og ulike arter kan ha tilhold der. Hva som er til-strekkelig store områder for å ivareta levedyktige bestander av arter, vil avhenge av område-nes kvalitet og forbindelser til andre tilsvarende områder. Områder som avviker mye fra omgi-velsene, vil være påvirket av ulike abiotiske og biotiske forhold i omgivelsene (kanteffekter), med negativ påvirkning > 100 m inn i området. Fragmentering av en naturtype vil føre til reduk-sjon i totalarealet av naturtypen og oppsplitting i mindre biter som er mer isolert fra hverandre og mer utsatt for kanteffekter. Ofte vil slike fragmenteringseffekter inntre når total mengde av naturtypen blir < 30% av opprinnelig areal. Hvordan arter faktisk bruker elementene i et land-skap og flytter mellom dem, vil avhenge av artenes habitatkrav, livshistorie og spredningsev-ner. Arter sterkt knyttet til habitat med lang varighet, vil ofte ha liten spredningsevne og få pro-blemer om landskapet undergår raske endringer. Flere land arbeider med utviklingen av grønn infrastruktur som ledd i bevaring av naturmang-foldet. Disse omfatter et stort spenn fra lokale prosjekter, ofte med fokus på økosystemtjenes-ter i byer, til nasjonale eller transnasjonale prosjekter for å ta vare på naturmangfold og sikre økologiske sammenhenger over større regioner. Særlig Sveriges arbeid med grønn infrastruk-tur synes relevant for Norge. Målet med grønn infrastruktur er å ta vare på naturmangfoldet og viktige økologiske prosesser. Aktuelle kjerneområder i grønn infrastruktur er da arealer og landskapselementer preget av opprinnelig natur og med få tekniske inngrep, med stort eller spesielt naturmangfold eller med viktige økologiske funksjoner. Slike kjerneområder bør være store nok til å unngå sterke kant-effekter. Arters spredningsmuligheter mellom kjerneområder vil avhenge av avstand og hvor velegnet arealet er mellom kjerneområdene, samt over hvor lang tid spredningen kan foregå. Korridorer bør ha minste bredde, fra ti til noen hundre meter, tilpasset artenes krav og land-skapets utforming, gjerne knyttet til naturlige terrengformer som dalfører, vassdrag og kant-soner. For å møte klimaendringer bør grønn infrastruktur også gi rom for forflytning til nye om-råder med potensielt egnete miljøforhold, som høyereliggende områder eller områder med stor topografisk variasjon. Mer spesifikke kriterier for elementene i grønn infrastruktur er beskrevet for ulike hovedøkosystemer. NØKKELORD : Norge, landskap, grønn infrastruktur, konnektivitet, KEY WORDS : Norway, landscape, green infrastructure, connectivity

• Bryn, Anders & Ullerud, Heidrun Asgeirsdatter (2017). Veileder for arealdekkende kartlegging av terrestrisk natur-variasjon etter NiN i målestokk 1:5.000 og 1:20.000 - kort versjon (2.1.0b). Artsdatabanken.
• Strand, Geir-Harald; Bryn, Anders; Engan, Gunnar; Granhus, Aksel; Svalheim, Ellen & Wallin, Hanne Gro (2016). Arealrepresentativ kartlegging og overvåking av naturtyper i Norge. Framlegg til hovedprosjekt og feltinstruks. NIBIO. ISSN 978-82-17-01732-5. 2(130). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bratli, Harald; Halvorsen, Rune; Bryn, Anders; Bendiksen, Egil; Jordal, Jon Bjarne & Svalheim, Ellen [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). Dokumentasjon av NiN versjon 2.1 tilrettelagt for praktisk naturkartlegging i målestokk 1:5000. – Natur i Norge, Artikkel 8 (versjon 2.1.0). Artsdatabanken.
• Strand, Geir-Harald; Bryn, Anders & Framstad, Erik (2016). Arealrepresentativ kartlegging og overvåking av naturtyper (NiN) Framlegg til metode og arbeidsopplegg. NIBIO. ISSN 978-82-17-01624-3. 2(55). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Rapporten foreslår og drøfter metode for en nasjonal arealrepresentativ overvåking av naturtyper basert på klassifikasjonssystemet Natur i Norge (NiN). Aspekter som omhandles er: Kunnskapsbehov ved kartlegging og overvåking; Utvalgsmetoder; Registreringsmetode; Opplæringsbehov; samt Prosedyrer og dataflyt. Rapporten inneholder et framlegg til en samlet metodikk og beskrivelse av et pilotprosjekt for uttesting, samt skisse til et program for løpende overvåking.

• Granhus, Aksel; Eriksen, Rune; Viken, Knut Ole; Wollan, Anders Kvalvåg; Bryn, Anders & Halvorsen, Rune (2016). Naturtyperegistrering etter NIN 2.0 i Landsskogtakseringen. Erfaringer og resultater fra pilotprosjekt. NIBIO. ISSN 978-82-17-01589-5. 2(29). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Denne rapporten sammenstiller erfaringer fra et pilotprosjekt der hovedmålet har vært å gjennomføre en uttesting av metodikk for innhenting av arealrepresentativ statistikk for naturtyper etter NiN-systemet, med utgangspunkt i Landsskogtakseringen. Erfaringene skal danne grunnlag for vurdering av mulighetene for en fullskala landsdekkende NiN-registrering i skog og på tresatte arealer. Delmål har vært å avklare 1) hvilke variabler i Landsskogtakseringen som kan anvendes i sin nåværende form ved registreringer etter NiN 2.0, og 2) hvilke nye registreringsvariabler, eventuelt endringer av eksisterende, som er nødvendig. To alternative registreringsopplegg ble utarbeidet og er testet ut av lagledere i Landsskogtakseringen. Disse har taksert over 350 landsskogflater i ulike landsdeler etter begge opplegg, og et utvalg av flatene (46) er også taksert av en biolog fra Naturhistorisk museum ved Universitetet i Oslo, uavhengig av Landsskogtakseringens lagledere. Resultatene viser at en ved å anvende et opplegg basert på en kombinasjon av eksisterende variabler i Landsskogtakseringen og ved å inkludere noen nye fra NiN i tillegg, vil kunne framskaffe et datagrunnlag for å beregne fordelingen av naturtyper i skogsmark og på andre tresatte arealer etter et femårig omdrev. Erfaringene fra prosjektet viser imidlertid også betydningen av å få på plass et godt opplegg for NiN-opplæring og kalibrering av laglederne. I rapporten gis det et anslag over ressursbehov knyttet til en fullskala implementering av NiN- registreringer inkludert kostnader knyttet til kursing og opplæring av inventørene. Før en kan sette i gang med registreringer over et femårig omdrev, er det behov for å avklare med oppdragsgiver hvilket omfang registreringene skal ha og hvordan registreringsopplegget for noen av variablene fra beskrivelsessystemet i NiN skal utformes.

• Bryn, Anders (2015). Skjøtselsplan for verneområdene i Froan. NIBIO. ISSN 978-82-17-01494-2. 1(38). Vis sammendrag

  I arbeidet med forvaltningsplan for verneområdene i Froan, ble det på oppdrag fra Fylkesmannen i Sør-Trøndelag gjennomført naturfaglige registreringer i 2011, som skulle danne grunnlaget for en skjøtselsplan. Alle landarealer innen verneområdene ble vegetasjonskartlagt. Med basis i vegetasjonskartleggingen fra 2011, tidligere vegetasjonskartlegging (2007) og andre registreringer fra Froan, presenterer denne rapporten skjøtselsplanen for de terrestre arealene innen verneområdene i Froan. Sammen med skjøtselsplanen følger 5 temakart.

• Halvorsen, Rune; Bendiksen, Egil; Bratli, Harald; Bryn, Anders; Jordal, Jon Bjarne & Svalheim, Ellen [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Beskrivelser av utvalgte enheter for kartlegging i målestokk 1:5000 etter NiN versjon 2.0 og artslister som viser diagnostiske arters fordeling langs viktige lokale komplekse miljøvariabler. Artsdatabanken.
• Bryn, Anders; Flø, Bjørn Egil; Daugstad, Karoline; Dybedal, Petter & Vinge, Heidi (2013). Cultour - et forskningsprosjekt om reiseliv, kulturminner og gjengroing. Sluttrapport og konferanserapport fra NFR-prosjektet Cultour; Cultural landscapes of tourism and hospitality. Norsk institutt for skog og landskap. ISSN 978-82-311-0179-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bryn, Anders; Dramstad, Wenche & Fjellstad, Wendy Jane (2010). Mapping and Monitoring of Nordic Vegetation and Landscapes. Norsk institutt for skog og landskap. ISSN 1890-159X. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The conference «Mapping and Monitoring of Nordic Vegetation and Landscapes» took place in Hveragerði, Iceland from the 16th to the 18th of September 2009. The 105 participants from 15 countries contributed with 50 oral presentations and 19 posters. This special edition of «Viten», published by the Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute, presents the conference proceedings, containing 32 articles and 13 posters. We wish to thank the participants for their contributions to both the conference and this report! .....

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