Andreas Frisch

• Vicente, Raul; Isaksson, Robin; Frisch, Andreas & Hammarström, Ola (2025). Some new mitosporic lichenicolous fungi for Sweden, Norway and Fennoscandia. Folia Cryptogamica Estonica. ISSN 1406-2070. 62, s. 31–40. doi: 10.12697/fce.2025.62.03. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  We report 23 lichenicolous fungi new to Sweden, among these, one is new to Europe, 21 are new to Fennoscandia, and two are newly reported for Norway. This article focuses only on mitosporic fungi. The newly reported species are Acremonium pertusariae, Cladophialophora dimorphospora, Cladosporium licheniphilum, Corynespora laevistipitata, Didymocyrtis cladoniicola, D. grumantiana, Ellisembia lichenicola, Epithamnolia xanthoriae, Gonatophragmium lichenophilum, Lichenoconium lichenicola, Lichenostella griseofusca, Microcera physciae, Psammina filamentosa, Pseudocercospora lichenum, Sclerococcum phaeophysciae, S. toensbergii, Taeniolella cladinicola, T. diploschistis, Talpapellis lendemeri, Trimmatostroma acetabuli, T. vandenboomi, Venturia lichenophila and Xylohyphopsis xanthoriicola. The reports of Talpapellis lendemeri represent the first record in Europe. New hosts are reported for Corynespora laevistipitata, Ellisembia lichenicola, Gonatophragmium lichenophilum, Lichenoconium lichenicola, Psammina filamentosa, Sclerococcum toensbergii and Venturia lichenophila.

• Westberg, Martin; Isaksson, Robin & Frisch, Andreas (2025). Two new lichenicolous Arthonia species from Scandinavia. Phytotaxa. ISSN 1179-3155. 682(1), s. 68–80. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.682.1.4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Arthonia epiramboldia and A. scrobiculatae are described new to science and reported from localities in northern Norway and Sweden. Arthonia epiramboldia grows on the crustose lichen Ramboldia cinnabarina, whereas A. scrobiculatae grows in the soralia of the foliose Lobaria scrobiculata. Both species were found to be affiliated to the Bryostigma clade by RAxML and Bayesian analysis of concatenated mtSSU, nrLSU, RPB2, and nrITS sequence data. Arthonia circinata, lichenicolous on Umbilicaria spp., and the recently described A. subclemens and A. epipolytropa, both lichenicolous on Lecanora polytropa s. lat., are confirmed to belong to the Bryostigma clade. In addition, A. toensbergii is reported for the first time from Sweden.

• Kirkhus, Mika Helene; Frisch, Andreas; Evankow, Ann; Blaalid, Rakel; Zane, Rafaelle & Bendiksby, Mika [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Diversity of tremellalean Pertusaria-associated fungi in Norway and the role of secondary metabolites in host specificity. Fungal Biology. ISSN 1878-6146. 129(3), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2025.101563. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The diversity and host relationships of lichen-inhabiting tremellalean fungi remain understudied, partly due to their asymptomatic yeast phase. This study employs ITS2 metabarcoding to investigate the diversity and colonization patterns of these fungi within 13 Pertusaria lichen species collected in Norway. We discovered a high prevalence, with tremellalean fungi present in 57% of the examined specimens, representing 12 of the 13 species included, 10 of which were not previously recognized as hosts. Our findings suggest a broad host range for the presumed yeast phase of these fungi, though occurrences of the five most frequent OTUs appeared non-random across different host species. Additionally, negative-binomial general linear models indicated a negative correlation between the presence of tremellalean fungi and the occurrence of specific secondary metabolites, such as thiophaninic acid, fumarprotocetraric acid, and gyrophoric acid, in Pertusaria hosts. These results highlight previously undocumented genetic diversity within tremellalean fungi and suggest that host chemotype significantly influences colonization patterns. Our findings demonstrate a higher frequency of asymptomatic colonization than previously reported, emphasizing the need for further research into their ecological roles and interactions.

• Vicente, Raul; Westberg, Martin; Isaksson, Robin; Anderberg, Rikard; Frisch, Andreas & Hammarström, Ola [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Additions to the flora of lichenicolous fungi of Sweden II. Graphis Scripta. ISSN 0901-7593. 36(7), s. 123–147. doi: https:/nhm2.uio.no/botanisk/lav/Graphis/36_7/GS_36_123.pdf. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  We report 24 lichenicolous fungi as new to Sweden, of which 12 are also new to Fennoscandia and two are new to Europe. The newly reported species are Abrothallus bryoriarum, A. usneae, Arthrorhaphis arctoparmeliae, Burgoa angulosa, Buelliella ohmurae, Calycina alstrupii, Catillaria lobariicola, Cercidospora ochrolechiae, Chalara lobariae, Katherinomyces cetrariae, Llimoniella vinosa, Merismatium lobariae, Muellerella atricola, Neobuelliella poetschii, Opegrapha anomea, Refractohilum intermedium, R. pluriseptatum, Sclerococcum zhurbenkoi, Skyttea nitschkei, Stigmidium cladoniicola, S. mitchellii, Sphaerellothecium thamnoliae, Taeniolella chrysothricis and Tremella tubulosae. Arthtrorhaphis arctoparmeliae is also reported as new to Norway. The reports of Buelliella ohmurae and Merismatium lobariae represent the first findings of these species in Europe. We suggest that Chalara lobariae is the anamorph of Calycina alstrupii.

• Frisch, Andreas; Darmostuk, Valerii; Diederich, Paul; Holien, Håkon; Ihlen, Per Gerhard & Suija, Ave (2024). Lichenicolous fungi mainly from the Dovre Mountains, Norway. Graphis Scripta. ISSN 0901-7593. 36(3), s. 50–88. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Based on results from a 5-days field workshop held at Hjerkinn, we report new distribution data for 110 species of lichenicolous fungi from the Dovre Mountains area in central Norway. Additional eight species were collected in humid spruce forests near Trondheim. Including literature reports, 134 species of lichenicolous fungi are currently known from the Dovre Mountains. Our material includes a surprisingly large number of 11 species new to Fennoscandia (Clypeococcum cetrariae, Didymocyrtis melanelixiae, Echinothecium hypogymniae, Endococcus alectoriae, E. hafellneri, Epibryon solorinae, Epithamnolia xanthoriae, Katherinomyces cetrariae, Kukwaea pubescens, Stigmidium pseudopeltideae, Tremella cetrariae) and 6 species new to Norway (Arthonia subclemens, Arthrorhaphis olivacea, Bacidia killiasii, Didymocyrtis epiphyscia, Epicladonia simplex, Rhymbocarpus geographici). Many species are new findings for Oppland or Sør-Trøndelag counties. The anamorphic stage of Kukwaea pubescens is described.

• Thor, Göran; Arup, Ulf; Frisch, Andreas; Grube, Martin; Vicente, Raul & Westberg, Martin (2023). Padjelanta National Park in Sweden, a lichen diversity heaven. Graphis Scripta. ISSN 0901-7593. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Padjelanta National Park is the largest national park in Sweden (198 400 ha) and one of five large national parks in northern Sweden. It mainly includes bare mountain regions. Lichen excursions to Padjelanta were arranged in 2020 and 2021. An excursion has also been organized by the Swedish Lichen Society to the National Park in 2004. Ten species, Arthonia protoparmeliae, Arthonia subclemens, Athallia saxifragarum, Cercidospora decolorella, Merismatium thamnoliicola, Sarcogyne cyclocarpa, S. urceolata, Tremella nephromatis, Verrucaria othmarbreussii and V. oulankaensis are reported as new to Sweden. Arthonia protoparmeliae is also reported new from Norway and this species together with Arthonia subclemens and Tremella nephromatis are also new to Fennoscandia. A further 98 taxa that are earlier reported from Sweden are new to Lule lappmark. An additional two species (Arthonia sp., Rhizocarpon sp.) might represent new species (“known unknowns”). Only six red-listed species have been found according to the Swedish Red List, Gyalidea roseola, Pannaria hookeri, Pectenia plumbea, Peltigera collina, Pyrenula coryli and Rinodina endophragmia. The low number of red-listed species probably reflects that few lichens occurring in the Swedish mountain regions have been properly assessed. The lichen flora is species rich and includes several species rarely reported from Sweden. The phylogenetic position of A. protoparmeliae in Arthoniaceae is demonstrated through Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood analyses of newly generated mtSSU, nrLSU and RPB2 sequence data. The fungal barcode nrITS has been generated for specimens of A. protoparmeliae from Sweden and Norway.

• Frisch, Andreas; Ohmura, Yoshihito; Holien, Håkon & Bendiksby, Mika (2022). A phylogenetic survey of the ascomycete genus Arthrorhaphis (Arthrorhaphidaceae, Lecanoromycetes) including new species in Arthrorhaphis citrinella sensu lato. Taxon. ISSN 0040-0262. 71(5), s. 936–962. doi: 10.1002/tax.12718. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The genus Arthrorhaphis is a group of ascomycetes comprising lichenised and non-lichenised taxa from temperate to arctic-alpine regions in both hemispheres. Nine species and two infraspecific taxa are currently recognised. Their delimitation, inter-relationships, and phylogenetic placement remain poorly understood. We have used an integrative taxonomic approach to assess taxon limits, phylogenetic placement of the family, and to test the hypothesis that transition to lichenisation has happened only once. We present a first molecular phylogenetic hypothesis of all but one known Arthrorhaphis species based on Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses of multilocus DNA sequence data. Our results support monophyly of Arthrorhaphis, phylogenetic placement in the Ostropomycetidae, and lichenisation having evolved from lichenicolous ancestors only once. The lichenicolous Arthrorhaphis species are well-defined both morphologically and genetically. The lichenised A. alpina s.l. and A. citrinella s.l., however, include multiple genetic clades that are partly supported by phenotypic data. We split A. citrinella s.l. into the following five species: (1) A. bullata sp. nov., (2) A. catolechioides comb. & stat. nov., (3) A. citrinella, (4) A. farinosa sp. nov., and (5) A. vulgaris comb. & stat. nov. A sixth phylogenetic clade from the Neotropics remains undescribed herein due to insufficient data. Five circumarctic accessions of A. alpina s.l. form a genetically distinct but morphologically poorly understood clade sister to the alpina-vacillans clade, which we preliminarily name “A. septentrionalis”. Jointly, our multispecies coalescence analyses, of both single-locus (bGMYC) and multilocus (bPtP, bP&P) datasets, largely support our proposed species hypotheses in Arthrorhaphis.

• Frisch, Andreas; Holien, Håkon; Klepsland, Jon T.; Suija, Ave & Bendiksby, Mika (2022). New data on lichenicolous fungi in Norway. Graphis Scripta. ISSN 0901-7593. 34(7), s. 59–133. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Holien, Håkon & Frisch, Andreas (2022). Microcalicium loraasii, a new calicioid fungus from old-growth boreal forest in Norway. Graphis Scripta. ISSN 0901-7593. 34(4), s. 42–50. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Holien, Håkon & Frisch, Andreas (2022). Perigrapha superveniens (Nyl.) Hafellner, a lichenicolous fungus new to Fennoscandia from Norway. Graphis Scripta. ISSN 0901-7593. 34(3), s. 36–41. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ohmura, Yoshihito; Frisch, Andreas; Sugimoto, Miyu; Aung, Mu Mu & Tanaka, Nobuyuki (2021). Contribution to the knowledge of the lichen mycota of myanmar (Ii) heterocyphelium triseptatum (lecanographaceae) newly recorded from asia and its molecular phylogenetic position. Taiwania. ISSN 0372-333X. 66(4), s. 569–574. doi: 10.6165/tai.2021.66.569. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Heterocyphelium triseptatum is newly recorded from Asia. The species was previously known only from South America and Africa. It was collected from the bark of a broadleaf tree at 35 m elevation in the Tanintharyi Region of southern Myanmar. An unidentified substance was newly detected for this species by thin layer chromatography (TLC). This study demonstrates the phylogenetic position of H. triseptatum in the Lecanographaceae using Bayesian and RAxML analyses of mtSSU and nrLSU sequence data. The close relationship with H. leucampyx within the Heterocyphelium clade was confirmed.

• Gaarder, Geir; Jordal, John Bjarne & Frisch, Andreas (2021). Phaeographis inusta new to Norway, with comments on Arthothelium macounii. Graphis Scripta. ISSN 0901-7593. 33(4), s. 59–66. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Cannon, Paul; Ertz, Damien; Frisch, Andreas; Aptroot, André; Chambers, Steve & Coppins, Brian J. [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Arthoniales: Arthoniaceae. Revisions of British and Irish Lichens. ISSN 2634-7768. 1, s. 4–48. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frisch, Andreas; Moen, Victoria Stornes; Grube, Martin & Bendiksby, Mika (2020). Integrative taxonomy confirms three species of Coniocarpon (Arthoniaceae) in Norway. MycoKeys. ISSN 1314-4057. 62, s. 27–51. doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.62.48480. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frisch, Andreas; Tadome, Kensuke; Moon, Kwang Hee; Thor, Göran & Ohmura, Yoshihito (2020). Phylogenetic Status of Arthonia phaeophysciae (Arthoniaceae, Ascomycota). Newly Found in Japan. Shokubutsu kenkyū zasshi. ISSN 0022-2062. 95(3), s. 133–140. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The lichenicolous fungus Arthonia phaeophysciae Grube & Matzer (Arthoniaceae, Ascomycota), growing on Physciella melanchra and Phaeophyscia sp., is newly reported from Central Honshu in Japan. Additional localities are reported for Korea. This study demonstrates the phylogenetic position of the species in the Bryostigma-clade of Arthoniaceae and confirms the identity of this research’s recent collections from Japan and Korea using Bayesian and RAxML analyses of mtSSU, nrLSU and RPB2 sequence data. A detailed description of the species based on collections from Japan and Korea is provided.

• Frisch, Andreas; Klepsland, Jon T; Palice, Zdenek; Bendiksby, Mika; Tønsberg, Tor & Holien, Håkon (2020). New and noteworthy lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Norway. Graphis Scripta. ISSN 0901-7593. 32(1), s. 1–47. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Twelve species of lichens and lichenicolous fungi are reported as new to Fennoscandia. Additionally, we report 19 species as new to Norway. New localites are given for 47 rare or seldom collected species. The new combination Reichlingia anombrophila (Coppins & P. James) Frisch is proposed. Most collections were made in the boreo-nemoral and boreal rainforests during the NBIC funded project Three storied diversity – mapping and barcoding crustose lichens and lichenicolous fungi in the Norwegian rainforests and associated fieldwork in recent years. With the present contribution, we hope to raise awareness on previously neglected groups of lichenised and lichenicolous fungi and encourage further fieldwork in understudied habitats in Norway.

• Ertz, Damien; Sanderson, Neil; Coppins, Brian J.; Klepsland, Jon T. & Frisch, Andreas (2019). Opegrapha multipuncta and Schismatomma quercicola (Arthoniomycetes) belong to Lecanoromycetes. The Lichenologist. ISSN 0024-2829. 51, s. 395–405. doi: 10.1017/S002428291900029X. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Zamora, Juan Carlos; Svensson, Måns; Kirschner, Roland; Olariaga, Ibai; Ryman, Svengunnar & Parra, Luis Alberto [Vis alle 50 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa. IMA Fungus. ISSN 2210-6340. 9(1), s. 167–175. doi: 10.5598/imafungus.2018.09.01.10. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.

• Yakovchenko, Lidia; Davydov, Evgeny A.; Paukov, Alexander; Frisch, Andreas; Galanina, Irina & Han, Jeong Eun [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). New lichen records from Korea - 1. Mostly artic-alpine and tropical species. Herzogia. ISSN 0018-0971. 31(2), s. 965–981. doi: 10.13158/heia.31.2.2018.965. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frisch, Andreas; Grube, Martin; Kashiwadani, Hiroyuki & Ohmura, Yoshihito (2018). Arthoniaceae with reddish, K+ purple ascomata in Japan. Phytotaxa. ISSN 1179-3155. 356(1), s. 19–33. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.356.1.2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Arthonia sanguinaria is described as new to science. The East Asian Arthonia lopingensis and the widely distributed Arthonia picea are reported as new to Japan from Honshu and the Ogasawara Islands, respectively. The phylogenetic position of A. picea, A. sanguinaria and Coniocarpon cinnabarinum from the Ogasawara Islands is shown by RAxML and Bayesian analysis of mtSSU, nLSU and RPB2 sequence data. Our results confirm the polyphyletic origin of quinoid pigments in Arthoniaceae. A key is presented to the Arthoniaceae with reddish ascomata in Japan.

• Tadome, Kensuke; Ohmura, Yoshihito & Frisch, Andreas (2018). Arthonia molendoi (Arthoniaceae, Ascomycota), a lichenicolous fungus, new to Japan. Shokubutsu kenkyū zasshi. ISSN 0022-2062. 93(6), s. 407–409. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frisch, Andreas; Thor, Göran; Moon, Kwang Hee & Ohmura, Yoshihito (2018). Galbinothrix, a new monotypic genus of Chrysotrichaceae (Arthoniomycetes) lacking pulvinic acid derivatives. Plant and Fungal Systematics. ISSN 2544-7459. 63(2), s. 31–37. doi: 10.2478/pfs-2018-0005. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Galbinothrix caesiopruinosa is described from Japan and Korea. The new genus and species is placed in Chrysotrichaceae by its ascoma morphology and by a phylogenetic analysis of mtSSU and nLSU sequence data using Bayesian and maximum likelihood inference. The monotypic genus Galbinothrix is superficially similar to Chrysothrix caesia in having dark brown ascomata covered by a thin bluish grey pruina, reddish brown ascomatal pigment in the epithecium and proper exciple, the greyish green to yellowish olive thallus, and usnic acid as the main secondary thallus compound. It differs from this species and all other Chrysotrichaceaeby its large, oblong, thick-walled ascospores with a distinct epispore, the narrowly clavate to almost tubular asci, and the never clearly granular to leprose thallus.

• Broeck, Dries van den; Frisch, Andreas; RAZAFINDRAHAJA, Tahina; Vijver, Bart Van de & Ertz, Damien (2018). Phylogenetic position of Synarthonia (lichenized Ascomycota, Arthoniaceae), with the description of six new species. Plant Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2032-3913. 151(3), s. 327–351. doi: 10.5091/plecevo.2018.1506. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background and aims – The Arthoniaceae form a species-rich family of lichenized, lichenicolous and saprophytic fungi in the order Arthoniales. As part of taxonomic revisions of the African Arthoniaceae, a number of species assignable to the genus Synarthonia were collected and sequenced. The present study aims at placing the genus in a phylogeny for the first time and at clarifying its circumscription. Methods – Nuclear (RPB2) and mitochondrial (mtSSU) DNA sequences from freshly collected specimens were obtained and analysed with phylogenetic Bayesian and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. Key results – Synarthonia is closely related to the genera Reichlingia and Coniocarpon in the Arthoniaceae. Six Synarthonia species are described as new to science and ten new combinations into this genus are made. A worldwide identification key to the genus Synarthonia is provided. Lectotypes are chosen for Arthonia elegans, A. inconspicua, A. lopingensis, A. ochracea, A. subcaesia and A. translucens. Arthonia thamnocarpa is synonymized with Sclerophyton elegans, and Arthonia elegans with Coniocarpon fallax. Synarthonia ochracea is shown to be a misunderstood species in the past and recent literature, since it was erroneously synonymized with Coniocarpon elegans. Synarthonia ochracea appears to start its life cycle as a non-lichenized lichenicolous fungus on Graphis before developing a lichenized thallus or it might be a facultatively lichenicolous fungus. It belongs to a complex of closely related species whose biology and circumscription are still in need of further studies. Conclusions – Synarthonia forms a monophyletic but somewhat heterogeneous lineage closely related to Coniocarpon and Reichlingia. As delimited here, Synarthonia includes corticolous lichens with a trentepohlioid photobiont as well as non-lichenized lichenicolous fungi. The core group is characterized by white pruinose ascomata, but species producing orange pruinose or non-pruinose ascomata are also included. Ascospores are transversely septate with an enlarged apical cell or are muriform. Future molecular and morphological studies are needed for a better circumscription and definition of the genus.

• Armstrong, Ellie E.; Prost, Stefan; Ertz, Damien; Westberg, Martin; Frisch, Andreas & Bendiksby, Mika (2018). Draft genome sequence and annotation of the lichen-forming fungus Arthonia radiata. Microbiology Resource Announcements (MRA). 6(14), s. e00281–18. doi: 10.1128/genomeA.00281-18. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  We report here the draft de novo genome assembly, transcriptome assembly, and annotation of the lichen-forming fungus Arthonia radiata (Pers.) Ach., the type species for Arthoniomycetes, a class of lichen-forming, lichenicolous, and saprobic Ascomycota. The genome was assembled using overlapping paired-end and mate pair libraries and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 instrument.

• Frisch, Andreas & Holien, Håkon (2018). Arthonia toensbergii, a new lichenicolous fungus on Mycoblastus affinis from the boreal rainforests in Norway. Graphis Scripta. ISSN 0901-7593. 30(6), s. 34–43. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Arthonia toensbergii is described from old-growth boreal rainforests in Norway. The new species parasitizes Mycoblastus affinis growing on branches and trunks of Picea abies. It can be recognised among related species by its combination of characters including the adnate, non-aggregated, matt, (brownish-)black ascomata not visibly breaking through the host thallus, 0.07–0.15 µm diam; medium olivish brown epi- and hypothecium without distinct apical caps on the tips of the paraphysoids; hyaline, slipper-shaped, 1-septate ascospores with slight constriction at the septum, 11–14 × 4–5.5 µm; hymenial gels I+ vinose, KI+ sky blue; and a KI+ blue ring in the tholus. Arthonia toensbergii is shown to belong to the Bryostigma-clade by RAxML and Bayesian analysis of mtSSU, nLSU, and RPB2 sequence data. The related species Arthonia parietinaria is reported as new to Norway.

• Bjelland, Torbjørg; Bendiksby, Mika & Frisch, Andreas (2017). Geographically disjunct phylogenetic lineages in Leptogium hibernicum reveal Leptogium krogiae sp. nov. from East Africa. The Lichenologist. ISSN 0024-2829. 49(3), s. 239–251. doi: 10.1017/S0024282916000645. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear (Mcm7, nrITS, nrLSU) and mitochondrial (mrSSU) DNA sequences revealed geographically disjunct lineages in Leptogium hibernicum. One of these lineages is here described as Leptogium krogiae, which differs from L. hibernicum in the thinner thallus (190–210 µm vs. 390–480 µm), shallowly striate lobes instead of deeply furrowed lobes, isidia that are seldom distinctly flattened , and apothecia with a subhymenial euparaplectenchymatous layer. Leptogium krogiae is a widespread epiphyte in mist-affected woodlands and montane forests in East Africa and appears to be a rather common species.

• Frisch, Andreas; Thor, Göran; Moon, Kwang Hee & Ohmura, Yoshihito (2017). Arthonia incarnata (Arthoniaceae), a rare and poorly known old-growth forest lichen new to Asia. Nordic Journal of Botany (NJB). ISSN 0107-055X. 35, s. 587–594. doi: 10.1111/njb.01560. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Holien, Håkon; Frisch, Andreas; Jonsson, Fredrik; Klepsland, Jon T.; Millanes, Ana M. & Motiejunaite, Jurga [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). Interesting lichenized and lichenicolous fungi found during the Nordic Lichen Society excursion in Nord-Trøndelag, Norway 2015. Graphis Scripta. ISSN 0901-7593. 28(1-2), s. 55–64. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In August 2015, the Nordic Lichen Society held its 21st bi-annual meeting and excursion in Steinkjer, Nord- Trøndelag, Norway. During the excursion various habitats, including boreal rainforest, calcareous rocks with pine forest, coastal heath, heavy metal containing rock and montane spruce forest, were investigated. The most interesting findings are recorded herewith. Didymocyrtis pseudeverniae and Unguiculariopsis manriquei are new to Scandinavia, and six species are new to Norway: Absconditella celata, Catillaria aphana, Micarea contexta, Scytinium aquale, Tremella wirthii and Verrucaria sparsiuscula. Notes on a number of red-listed and/or rarely collected species in Norway are also provided.

• Frisch, Andreas; Rudolphi, Jörgen; Sheil, Douglas; Caruso, Alexandro; Thor, Göran & Gustafsson, Lena (2015). Tree Species Composition Predicts Epiphytic Lichen Communities in an African Montane Rain Forest. Biotropica. ISSN 0006-3606. 47(5), s. 542–549. doi: 10.1111/btp.12237. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frisch, Andreas; Thor, Göran & Sheil, Douglas (2014). Four new Arthoniomycetes from Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Uganda. Nova Hedwigia: Zeitschrift für Kryptogamenkunde. ISSN 0029-5035. 98, s. 295–312. doi: 10.1127/0029-5035/2013/0155. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

Se alle arbeider i NVA

• Winden, Veerle Van; Reveret, Alois; Xie, Congmiao & Frisch, Andreas (2025). Unveiling the Hidden World of Lichens:. Funga. 1(2025), s. 56–61. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frisch, Andreas; Bendiksby, Mika; Kantelinen, Annina & Thor, Göran (2024). Epiphytic forest lichens and lichen-associated fungi in Saxnäs, Sweden. Funga. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frisch, Andreas (2024). Lichenicolous fungi in Norway, what we have learned so far. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Victoria Stornes; Bendiksby, Mika; Frisch, Andreas & Grube, Martin (2019). Molecular systematics and species delimitation in Coniocarpon and Arthonia punctiformis sensu lato (Arthoniaceae) in Norway. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bendiksby, Mika; Frisch, Andreas & Holien, Håkon (2019). A phylogenetic survey of Arthrorhaphis (Arthrorhaphidaceae) including new taxa in the A. citrinella species complex. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Moen, Victoria Stornes; Bendiksby, Mika & Frisch, Andreas (2019). Molecular systematics and species delimitation in Coniocarpon and Arthonia punctiformis s.lat. in Norway. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frisch, Andreas & Bendiksby, Mika (2019). Hidden treasures in your front yard: Crustose lichens and lichenicolous fungi in the Norwegian boreo-nemoral and boreal rain forests. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frisch, Andreas; Holien, Håkon; Ohmura, Yoshihito & Bendiksby, Mika (2016). Molecular systematics of Arthrorhaphis with special consideration of the A. alpina ― A. citrinella species complex. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Arthrorhaphis Th. Fr. includes c. 11 species and varieties of lichenised and lichenicolous fungi. The genus thrives in temperate to arctic-alpine regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Arthrorhaphis alpina, A. citrinella and A. grisea extend their distributions into the Southern Hemisphere [1], and A. citrinella var. catolechioides is restricted to Australasia [1]. Arthrorhaphis is well-studied in Europe and Central Asia [2,3,4], but species delimitation of taxa containing pulvinic acid derivates remains problematic. Arthrorhaphis alpina and A. citrinella in particular show considerable morphological variation at the world level that is presently not well understood. Material and Methods: New mitochondrial (mtSSU) and nuclear (nLSU, RPB1 and ITS 2) DNA sequences were generated for 142 specimens representing all currently described Arthrorhaphis species except A. aeruginosa*. We sequenced specimens from all continents. Due to the availability of collections, our sampling is biased towards northern and central Europe and parts of central and eastern Asia. All specimens were identified following current species concepts and the key morphological characters were noted. We applied Bayesian methods of phylogenetic tree reconstruction to the concatenated alignment of all four gene loci. Principal results: All lichenised species of Arthrorhaphis containing pulvinic acid derivates are monophyletic and apparently closely related Except for A. jungens, all species are recovered in our phylogeny according to the current morphology based concepts Ascospore type and presence / absence of Ca-oxalate crystals are confirmed as good characters for separating A. alpina s.l. (incl. A. vacillans and A. jungens) and A. citrinella s.l. A. alpina s.l. and A. citrinella s.l. comprise several genetically distinct lineages being correlated with morphology and / or geographical distribution The obligate parasitic taxa are separated by long branches and placed together in a basal position on the phylogenetic tree

• Haugan, Reidar; Timdal, Einar; Frisch, Andreas; Rui, Siri & Bendiksby, Mika (2016). Miriquidica – yet another non-monophyletic lichen genus rich in cryptic species. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background: Miriquidica Hertel & Rambold comprises about 30 saxicolous, mainly alpine species worldwide. The genus was originally delimited by the presence of miriquidic acid in most of the species and by asci of the “Lecanora-type”. The species are often difficult to identify without chemical and microscopical investigations. Although they are common rock lichens in some regions in the Northern Hemisphere, many Miriquidica species remain poorly understood. Material and Methods: We have collected Miriquidica extensively throughout Fennoscandia, over wide climatic, geographical and ecological gradients. We studied this, and additional material of available Miriquidica species and presumed close relatives, using TLC, microscopy, and multi-locus DNA-sequencing. We have compiled a dataset with 187 accessions representing specimens collected as Miriquidica, their presumed close relatives, and appropriate outgroups. Some sequences were downloaded from genbank (mainly from Singh et al. 2013). The molecular work was undertaken as described in Bendiksby et al. (2013). A partitioned concatenated dataset of one mitochondrial (mtSSU) and two nuclear genetic regions (ITS and MCM7) was analysed phylogenetically using Maximum likelihood (ML) on the CIPRES Science Gateway (Miller et al. 2010). For the ML analysis, we used the RAxML-HPC black box with rapid bootstrapping and full ML analysis under the GTR+GAMMA approximation. Results: We have discovered several new species, many of them so-called cryptic and Miriquidica hence falls into the line of crustose genera showing a high degree of cryptic speciation (Fig. 1). Our results also show that Miriquidica, as currently circumscribed, is polyphyletic, i.e. one species (M. pycnocarpa) is extraneous in the genus. After its removal from Miriquidica, the genus remains paraphyletic, with species of Protoparmelia (cfr. Singh et al. 2013), Lecanora, Lecidea s.lat., and Myochroidea nested. We recognize several new species, of which we include two in Fig. 1 (M. scoriae and M. ymei), and recombine 11 others.

Se alle arbeider i NVA