Dag Endresen

• Klemetsen, Terje; Endresen, Dag; Johnsen, Arild; Boer, Hugo de; Fossøy, Frode & Ekrem, Torbjørn [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2026). Strengthening molecular biodiversity research and monitoring in Norway – connecting tools, data and people. F1000 Research. 15, p. (ELIXIR)–(ELIXIR). doi: 10.12688/f1000research.179210.1. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background Norway’s diverse ecosystems and strong research community are well-positioned to leverage molecular approaches (DNA barcoding, eDNA, whole-genome sequencing) for biodiversity research and monitoring. However, progress is constrained by gaps in data accessibility, standardisation, and interoperability across molecular, ecological, and biobank datasets. Methods ELIXIR’s Norwegian Molecular Biodiversity Working Group mapped national actors and networks through a desk review (2024–2025) and conducted a national survey (58 questions; open from 18 February to 8 March 2024) targeting data management, standards, tooling, infrastructures, and training. The survey was implemented in Nettskjema and received 58 responses from biodiversity-related researchers. Results We identified 19 Norwegian institutes active in molecular biodiversity and 28 relevant networks, with 11 networks involving three or more institutes. The survey results highlight gaps between policy and practice: 60% of respondents were familiar with the FAIR principles, but only 29% consistently made data fully open or FAIR-compliant. Data linkage with physical specimens was often reported as missing (38% of respondents), and taxonomic assignment was frequently challenging (39.3%). Most researchers reuse published datasets (90%), but data discovery and reuse are hindered: only 41% find it easy to locate relevant data, 32% struggle to find appropriate sequence databases, 54% cite insufficient metadata, and 72% need to harmonise combined datasets. Tool discoverability and documentation were limited (32% knew bio.tools; 5% WorkflowHub; 32% agreed tools are well documented and user-friendly). Data publication is not straightforward (63.8% find it hard or answered neutral). Conclusions Norway can strengthen molecular biodiversity research by 1) connecting molecular and ecological data, collections, and biobanks using persistent identifiers; 2) adhering to international metadata standards (e.g., DwC, MIxS) and rewarding data stewardship; 3) consolidating national collaborative networks; and 4) building capacity through targeted training and dedicated data steward roles. Implementing these measures will enhance interoperability, FAIR data sharing, and Norway’s leadership in biodiversity research and conservation.

• Islam, Sharif; Koivula, Hanna; Andrew, Carrie; Gordillo, Julian Lopez; Weiland, Claus & Schigel, Dmitry [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2026). FAIR digital twins for biodiversity: enabling data, model, and workflow integration. npj biodiversity. 5(1). doi: 10.1038/s44185-025-00116-3. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Abstract The biodiversity crisis demands computational tools to integrate and analyse complex, disparate data and models. This paper presents the concept of FAIR Digital Twins (FDTs) and, drawing on the work of the Biodiversity Digital Twin (BioDT) project (2022–2025), demonstrates how combining Digital Twins with FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) can transform biodiversity research and decision-making. We show strategies for integrating heterogeneous data, models, and computational workflows within a FAIR framework, paving the way for operational FDTs. The BioDT project developed ten prototype digital twins addressing a critical range of challenges, including grassland and forest dynamics, bird monitoring, ecosystem services, and crop wild relative genetic resources. We discuss implementation challenges such as data fragmentation, semantic interoperability, and operational complexity. Critically, we highlight the opportunities for dynamic adaptation, modular workflows, and cross-domain collaboration, detailing how tools like Research Object Crate (RO-Crate) operationalise FAIR principles for metadata packaging and standardisation. This convergence of Digital Twins with FAIR principles offers a scalable and reusable approach to advancing biodiversity modeling and simulation, providing a robust foundation for evidence-based policy decisions.

• Weiland, Claus; Bauer, Daniel; Chala, Desalegn; Endresen, Dag; Grieb, Jonas & Kehel, Zakaria [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2025). FAIRification and AI-Readiness for Biodiversity Digital Twins. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards (BISS). 9. doi: 10.3897/biss.9.181439. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The European Green Deal addresses a wide array of critical topics regarding the interaction and exchange between society and ecosystems involving human-induced climate change, biodiversity loss, and deforestation. To support the development of appropriate and sustainable mitigation strategies, both political frameworks as well as large-scale scenario forecast and simulation infrastructures such as Destination Earth Data Lake (DEDL, Puechmaille et al. 2025) and the Green Deal Data Space (Penninga et al. 2021) are currently implemented. Setting up these data spaces requires the consolidation and harmonization of vast amounts of data, among them data from long-term biodiversity monitoring (e.g. eDNA, Abarenkov et al. 2023), near real-time data captured by IoT devices (e.g. camera traps, Grieb et al. (2025)) and large-scale Earth observation data (e.g. ERA5 global reanalysis, Hersbach et al. (2020)). Key tools and research methodologies for integration of such data have been developed in the Destination Earth-linked Biodiversity Digital Twin project (BioDT). Biodiversity digital twins provide digital replicas of biodiversity patterns and processes (Khan et al. 2025), for FAIR-compliant reuse and cross-platform portability, they are packaged in BioDT using the RO-Crate specification. Resulting datasets as well as computational workflows are bundled as digital objects and annotated with rich machine-interpretable metadata using schema.org and its extensions Bioschemas and Croissant (high-level metadata specification supporting AI-Readiness, Bolleman et al. 2025). The workflow.earth pilot was developed to migrate and functionally integrate BioDT's digital twin for crop wild relatives (BioDT CWR) into DEDL. BioDT CWR is designed to identify genetic resources in crop wild relatives (CWR) and aid in creating strategies to mitigate food-related crises linked to climate change (Chala et al. 2024). CWR are crucial sources of untapped genetic diversity, offering greater adaptability to extreme weather events such as droughts, cold waves, and heavy precipitation. They are therefore of particular importance to ensure food security with regard to Sustainable Development Goals (notably Goal 2 “End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture”, United Nations 2023). Major objectives for workflow.earth are to enhance visibility and long-term availability of the BioDT CWR, to improve its prediction capabilities using DEDL’s near data processing services, and to facilitate (in perspective) the orchestrated interplay with other digital twins such as the Climate Change Adaptation DT (Weiland et al. 2024). to enhance visibility and long-term availability of the BioDT CWR, to improve its prediction capabilities using DEDL’s near data processing services, and to facilitate (in perspective) the orchestrated interplay with other digital twins such as the Climate Change Adaptation DT (Weiland et al. 2024). On top of RO-Crate, workflow.earth employs FAIR Signposting to add machine-interpretable links to human-readable digital objects using link relation types (RFC8288, Fig. 1) to present the web topology of a resource (Soiland-Reyes et al. 2024). In this presentation, we will demonstrate the deployment of agrobiodiversity workflows in DEDL using workflow.earth and the publication of model and results as webby FDOs.

• Mahlangu, Sibusiso; Ewers, Isabelle; Carvalho, Cintia Oliveira; Schrøder-Nielsen, Audun; Dunthorn, Micah & Karlsen, Hans Erik [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2025). Investigating the dynamics of the aquatic community in Oslofjord through time series analysis of eDNA. Journal of Fish Biology. ISSN 0022-1112. doi: 10.1111/jfb.70105. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Understanding the temporal dynamics of marine communities is critical for assessing ecosystem health and guiding conservation efforts. Here, we conducted a survey using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding with two primer sets, MiFish and Elas02, to investigate seasonal and interannual changes in the fish community of Oslofjord (Norway) over two consecutive years. Using the MitoFish reference database through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility querying tool, we identified 63 fish species and found significant changes in the dominant taxa between seasons and years. Clupea harengus (Atlantic herring) consistently peaked in early spring, while Scomber scombrus (Atlantic mackerel) dominated winter months in the second year. The MiFish primer set showed increased species richness in the second year, whereas the Elas02 primer set showed stable richness despite compositional turnover. Non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed distinct community separation between years in presence/absence of data, driven by species turnover rather than abundance read changes. Our findings support the use of eDNA metabarcoding to capture fine-scale (bi-monthly) temporal dynamics and emphasise the importance of multi-year datasets for distinguishing ecological trends from stochastic changes. This strategy improves monitoring practices for marine ecosystems under anthropogenic stressors.

• Khan, Taimur; Koning, Koen de; Endresen, Dag; Gelete, Desalegn Chala & Kusch, Erik (2025). TwinEco: A Unified Framework for Dynamic Data-Driven Digital Twins in Ecology. Ecological Informatics. ISSN 1574-9541. 91. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.103407. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The burgeoning interest in digital twin (DT) technology presents a transformative potential for ecological modelling, offering new ways to model the complex dynamics of ecosystems. This paper introduces the TwinEco framework, designed to mitigate fragmentation in the development and deployment of DT applications in ecology. Compared to traditional modelling frameworks, TwinEco emphasises modularity and flexibility by introducing “layers” and “components” for DTs, accommodating diverse ecological applications without necessitating the deployment of all components. This modular approach ensures adaptability and scalability, promoting interoperability and integration with broader initiatives like Destination Earth. Digital twins in ecology offer significant advancements over traditional approaches by explicitly modelling changing processes and states over time, integrating extensive data, and enabling real-time feedback loops by actuating events or policies in the “real-world”. The framework’s capacity to adjust to changing environmental conditions enhances its predictive accuracy and responsiveness. This paper highlights the necessity for a unified framework to prevent divergent interpretations and ensure the interoperability of DT applications across ecological domains. Future recommendations include expanding case studies to demonstrate the framework’s applicability, assessing the potential of Dynamic Data-Driven Application Systems (DDDAS) paradigm within ecological DTs, and exploring interactions between components to optimise performance. Emphasising model-data fusion and fostering a shared terminology within the ecological community are crucial for the framework’s success. TwinEco aims to provide a robust foundation for ecological digital twins, enabling timely, data-driven decision-making to address global environmental challenges.

• Lecarpentier, Damien; Biro, Timea; Endresen, Dag; Golivets, Marina; Grimm, Volker & Islam, Sharif [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2024). Developing Prototype Digital Twins for biodiversity conservation and management: achievements, challenges and perspectives. Research Ideas and Outcomes (RIO). 10(e133474). doi: 10.3897/rio.10.e133474. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The BioDT project, funded by the European Union Horizon Europe Programme, seeks to investigate and push the boundaries of methodological, intellectual, data, technical and relevance aspects of the digital twin (DT) approach for understanding and predicting biodiversity patterns and processes. In this special issue, we present the reasoning and goals of the project and the overall advancements made towards the development of ten prototype Digital Twins (pDTs). Based on models of ecosystems, species and biological processes, digital twins integrate diverse data sources with advanced modelling and simulation techniques to provide a comprehensive, dynamic and data-driven understanding of biodiversity. Leveraging the EuroHPC LUMI infrastructure and data and expertise from GBIF, eLTER, DiSSCo and LifeWatch ERIC research infrastructures, the project aims to develop hybrid models combining the strengths of statistical and process-based models for improved predictive capabilities. While there are specific challenges and limitations to biodiversity DTs, the pDTs of BioDT lay the foundation for model-data fusions that will offer potential benefits to a wide range of end-users, from researchers and conservation organisations to policy-makers, land managers, educators and private sector companies. By fostering global interoperability in biodiversity data and research, BioDT paves the way for future collaborative efforts in biodiversity conservation and management.

• Chala, Desalegn; Kusch, Erik; Weiland, Claus; Andrew, Carrie; Grieb, Jonas & Rossi, Tuomas [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2024). Prototype biodiversity digital twin: crop wild relatives genetic resources for food security. Research Ideas and Outcomes (RIO). 10. doi: 10.3897/rio.10.e125192. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Amidst population growth and climate-driven crop stresses such as drought, extreme weather, fungal and insect pests, as well as various crop diseases, ensuring food security demands innovative strategies. Crop wild relatives (CWR), wild plants in the same genus as the crop as well as wild populations belonging to the same species as the crop, offer novel genetic resources crucial for enhancing crop resilience against these stress factors. Here, we introduce a prototype digital twin (pDT) to aid in searching and utilising CWR genetic resources. Using the MoDGP (Modelling the Germplasm of Interest) tool, the pDT enables mapping geographic areas where stress-tolerant CWR populations can be found. With its graphical user interface, it offers flexibility in selecting genetic resources from CWR tailored to enhance resilience of various crops against diverse stress factors.

• Gelete, Desalegn Chala; Endresen, Dag; Demissew, Sebsebe; Slaughter, Laura Ann; Johnsen, Einar Broch & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2024). Address Social Injustices in Taxonomy: Implement Extended Revisions of Names with Ethical Issues and Persistent Identifiers for Tracing Name Changes. preprints.org > mathematics & computer science > information technology & data management. doi: 10.20944/preprints202407.1673.v1. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The binomial nomenclature system, introduced by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century, has been fundamental for scientific communication and data management. Despite its utility, some scientific names reflect historical biases and ethical issues, including colonial legacies, racism, sexism, and derogatory terms. Recent debates highlight the need to address these injustices, with arguments both for and against revising such names. Critics argue that extensive revisions could disrupt scientific stability, while proponents emphasize the moral imperative to correct these issues. In this opinion paper, we advocate for the establishment of a dedicated committee within international nomenclature bodies to revise taxonomic names with clear ethical concerns and recommend the use of persistent identifiers to effectively manage and track name changes, mitigating potential disruptions to taxonomy and the science that depends on it. By adopting transparent revision processes and making use of digital technology, we can address ethical issues without remarkable upheaval. Science should not perpetuate historical injustices, and it is vital for the scientific community to proactively address social injustices in nomenclature to mitigate ongoing debates and resistance.

• Andrew, Carrie; Islam, Shariful; Weiland, Claus & Endresen, Dag (2024). Biodiversity data standards for the organization and dissemination of complex research projects and digital twins: a guide. arXiv.org. ISSN 2331-8422. doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2405.19857. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Biodiversity data are substantially increasing, spurred by technological advances and community (citizen) science initiatives. To integrate data is, likewise, becoming more commonplace. Open science promotes open sharing and data usage. Data standardization is an instrument for the organization and integration of biodiversity data, which is required for complex research projects and digital twins. However, just like with an actual instrument, there is a learning curve to understanding the data standards field. Here we provide a guide, for data providers and data users, on the logistics of compiling and utilizing biodiversity data. We emphasize data standards, because they are integral to data integration. Three primary avenues for compiling biodiversity data are compared, explaining the importance of research infrastructures for coordinated long-term data aggregation. We exemplify the Biodiversity Digital Twin (BioDT) as a case study. Four approaches to data standardization are presented in terms of the balance between practical constraints and the advancement of the data standards field. We aim for this paper to guide and raise awareness of the existing issues related to data standardization, and especially how data standards are key to data interoperability, i.e., machine accessibility. The future is promising for computational biodiversity advancements, such as with the BioDT project, but it rests upon the shoulders of machine actionability and readability, and that requires data standards for computational communication.

• Koning, Koen de; Broekhuijsen, Jeroen; Kühn, Ingolf; Ovaskainen, Otso Tapio; Taubert, Franziska & Endresen, Dag [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2023). Digital twins: dynamic model-data fusion for ecology. Trends in Ecology & Evolution. ISSN 0169-5347. 38(10), p. 916–926. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.04.010. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Digital twins (DTs) are an emerging phenomenon in the public and private sectors as a new tool to monitor and understand systems and processes. DTs have the potential to change the status quo in ecology as part of its digital transformation. However, it is important to avoid misguided developments by managing expectations about DTs. We stress that DTs are not just big models of everything, containing big data and machine learning. Rather, the strength of DTs is in combining data, models, and domain knowledge, and their continuous alignment with the real world. We suggest that researchers and stakeholders exercise caution in DT development, keeping in mind that many of the strengths and challenges of computational modelling in ecology also apply to DTs.

• Parker-Allie, Fatima; Pando, Francisco; Telenius, Anders; Ganglo, Jean C.; Vélez, Danny & Gibbons, Mark John [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2021). Towards a Post-Graduate Level Curriculum for Biodiversity Informatics. Perspectives from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) Community. Biodiversity Data Journal. ISSN 1314-2836. 9(e68010). doi: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e68010. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Biodiversity informatics is a new and evolving field, requiring efforts to develop capacity and a curriculum for this field of science. The main objective was to summarise the level of activity and the efforts towards developing biodiversity informatics curricula, for work-based training and/or academic teaching at universities, taking place within the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) countries and its associated network. A survey approach was used to identify existing capacities and resources within the network. Most of GBIF Nodes survey respondents (80%) are engaged in onsite training activities, with a focus on work-based professionals, mostly researchers, policy-makers and students. Training topics include data mobilisation, digitisation, management, publishing, analysis and use, to enable the accessibility of analogue and digital biological data that currently reside as scattered datasets. An initial assessment of academic teaching activities highlighted that countries in most regions, to varying degrees, were already engaged in the conceptualisation, development and/or implementation of formal academic programmes in biodiversity informatics, including programmes in Benin, Colombia, Costa Rica, Finland, France, India, Norway, South Africa, Sweden, Taiwan and Togo. Digital e-learning platforms were an important tool to help build capacity in many countries. In terms of the potential in the Nodes network, 60% expressed willingness to be recruited or commissioned for capacity enhancement purposes. Contributions and activities of various country nodes across the network have been highlighted and a working curriculum framework has been defined.

• Prylutskyi, Oleh; Abrahamyan, Armine; Voronova, Nina; Aloyan, Tatevik; Borodin, Oleg & Darmostuk, Valerii [Show all 33 contributors for this article] (2019). BioDATA - Biodiversity Data for Internationalisation in Higher Education. Research Ideas and Outcomes (RIO). 5. doi: 10.3897/rio.5.e36276. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  BioDATA is an international project on developing skills in biodiversity data management and data publishing. Between 2018 and 2021, undergraduate and postgraduate students from Armenia, Belarus, Tajikistan, and Ukraine, have an opportunity to take part in the intensive courses to become certified professionals in biodiversity data management. They will gain practical skills and obtain appropriate knowledge on: international data standards (Darwin Core); data cleaning software, data publishing software such as the Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT), and preparation of data papers. Working with databases, creating datasets, managing data for statistical analyses and publishing research papers are essential for the everyday tasks of a modern biologist. At the same time, these skills are rarely taught in higher education. Most of the contemporary professionals in biodiversity have to gain these skills independently, through colleagues, or through supervision. In addition, all the participants familiarize themselves with one of the important international research data infrastructures such as the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). The project is coordinated by the University of Oslo (Norway) and supported by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). The project is funded by the Norwegian Agency for International Cooperation and Quality Enhancement in Higher Education (DIKU).

• Fitzgerald, Heli; Palmé, Anna; Asdal, Åsmund; Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Kiviharju, Elina & Lund, Birgitte [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2019). A regional approach to Nordic crop wild relative in situ conservation planning. Plant genetic resources. ISSN 1479-2621. 17(2), p. 196–207. doi: 10.1017/S147926211800059X. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Crop wild relatives (CWR) can provide one solution to future challenges on food security, sustainable agriculture and adaptation to climate change. Diversity found in CWR can be essential for adapting crops to these new demands. Since the need to improve in situ conservation of CWR has been recognized by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) (2010) and the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (2011–2020), it is important to develop ways to safeguard these important genetic resources. The Nordic flora includes many species related to food, forage and other crop groups, but little has been done to systematically secure these important wild resources. A Nordic regional approach to CWR conservation planning provided opportunities to network, find synergies, share knowledge, plan the conservation and give policy inputs on a regional level. A comprehensive CWR checklist for the Nordic region was generated and then prioritized by socio-economic value and utilization potential. Nordic CWR checklist was formed of 2553 taxa related to crop plants. Out of these, 114 taxa including 83 species were prioritized representing vegetable, cereal, fruit, berry, nut and forage crop groups. The in situ conservation planning of the priority CWR included ecogeographic and complementarity analyses to identify a potential network of genetic reserve sites in the region. Altogether 971,633 occurrence records of the priority species were analysed. A minimum number of sites within and outside existing conservation areas were identified that had the potential to support a maximum number of target species of maximum intraspecific diversity.

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• Tykarski, Piotr; Torma, Michal; Theocharides, Soulaine; Rożek, Katarzyna Wszałek-; Addink, Wouter & Endresen, Dag (2026). AI for specimen labels - final dissemination workshop. doi: https:/www.gbif.no/events/2026/ai-for-specimen-labels---final-dissemination-works.html. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  For participants from previous events and new individuals interested in the use of AI in transcribing specimen labels. We summarize the project's progress, including information about DiSSCo and its annotation infrastructure, as well as the current status of SpLAT - Specimen Label Automated Transcriber. We will also test SpLAT using different LLMs and discuss possible methods of evaluating the tool's results, as well as the future plans and opportunities.

• Endresen, Dag (2026). Building the GBIF network in Norway. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18310610. Full text in Research Archive
• Pitusi, Vanessa; Kongshavn, Katrine; Endresen, Dag; Morvik, Arfinn; Primo, Rocio Castano & Altenburger, Andreas (2025). Advancing Marine Biodiversity Knowledge: Integrating Norwegian Marine Data into Global Observing Systems. doi: https:/www.livingdata2025.com/program.html?session=6796407_2025-10-23_Ballroom%20B1. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Knowledge about marine biodiversity is essential for sustainable development, effective conservation, and the management of ecosystem services. Emerging technologies and advances in data standardization now enable the routine incorporation of biological and ecological data into ocean surveys and monitoring programs at local, regional, and global scales. To support these efforts, the Arctic University Museum of Norway has joined the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) network and is actively working to publish all Norwegian marine biodiversity data, including marine data from museum collections to OBIS. We aim to simultaneously publish marine data to both OBIS and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), ensuring broader accessibility and interoperability. This presentation highlights our efforts to integrate Norwegian marine biodiversity data into global observing systems, aligning with the CARE (Collective Benefit, Authority to Control, Responsibility, Ethics) and FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles. By leveraging advances in data standardization, legal frameworks, and open-access databases, we aim to contribute to critical regional and global assessments of biodiversity change. Our work emphasizes the importance of publishing best practices to ensure that biodiversity data are implementable, intercomparable, and scalable across local and global contexts. This case study demonstrates how coordinated efforts in data standardization, capacity development, and interoperability can strengthen marine biodiversity observation systems. By sharing our experiences, we hope to inspire new collaborations and strategies that advance the integration of marine biodiversity data into global frameworks, ensuring that biodiversity knowledge informs sustainable ocean management and conservation efforts.

• Endresen, Dag (2025). Agrobiodiversity thematic community introduction. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this session, the Nodes Committee will be joined by representatives from the Science Committee to explore thematic areas of relevance, from agrobiodiversity and marine ecosystems to invasive species and Indigenous data governance. Lightning talks will highlight current and emerging thematic areas, followed by a panel discussion on how GBIF nodes can leverage these themes to engage new data communities, build partnerships, and strengthen GBIF’s network and impact.

• Endresen, Dag; Morris, William; Rodrigues, Andrew & Waller, John (2025). Efficient data access for data reporting - Global Nodes. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This topic relates to approaches to efficiently access GBIF-mediated data for the purpose of generating data reports. Recent developments at GBIF include the availability of GBIF snapshots on cloud computing infrastructures and the ability to query GBIF using SQL allowing for e.g. data metrics and custom data reports rather than downloading individual records. Additionally, emerging data cube formats will provide an opportunity to efficiently analyze biodiversity trends on spatiotemporal data.

• Endresen, Dag & Schigel, Dmitry (2025). Introduction to GBIF and GBIF Resources. doi: https:/biodt.eu/events/agroclimeumetsat-demonstration-workshop-and-stakeholder-meeting-rabat. Full text in Research Archive
• Endresen, Dag (2025). Improving our knowledge on genetically detected biodiversity distribution. doi: https:/biodt.eu/events/biodiversity-digital-twins-and-destination-earth-ecosystem. Full text in Research Archive
• Russell, Laura Anne; Grant, Sharon; Pamerlon, Sophie; Bloom, David; Musinguzi, Laban & Rabetrano, Tsiky [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2025). Developing a standard, open and replicable course curriculum to enable mobilization and use of biodiversity data. doi: https:/www.livingdata2025.com/program.html?abstract=7020659. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) empowers its global network through capacity-building activities that promote and enable the efficient mobilization and use of information about biodiversity. These activities work across capacity development levels, targeting individuals, institutions, nations, and global regions. Training plays a key role in expanding the communities of practice engaged with the collection and curation of biodiversity.GBIF’s training efforts build partnerships that institutionalize new capacity within a growing network of data publishing institutions. Development and delivery of training materials is supported through GBIF Participant nodes, regional support teams, and the GBIF community of practice.This presentation will highlight the work GBIF has undertaken over the last 10 years to develop a standardized, open, and replicable training curriculum with examples from the Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) programme and the Capacity Enhancement Support Programme (CESP) where materials have been reused and adapted. The presentation will also outline newly developed materials and encourage their further translation, adaptation and reuse. And finally, we will discuss how the community can engage with the development and delivery of the materials.

• Weiland, Claus; Bauer, Daniel; Kusch, Erik; Chala, Desalegn & Endresen, Dag (2025). Crop Wild Relatives and Destination Earth : Benefits and Lessons Learned. doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.15322592. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The presentation of the interoperability between Crop Wild Relatives, a prototype Digital Twin of BioDT project, and Destination Earth project.

• Chala, Desalegn; Kusch, Erik; Rossi, Tuomas; Juottonen, Heli; Weiland, Claus & Grieb, Jonas [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2025). BioDT uc-CWR: Crop Wild Relative Digital Twin. doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.15696971. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  BioDT: Crop Wild Relative prototype Digital Twin (CWR pDT). The prototype digital twin (pDT) aids in searching and utilising CWR genetic resources. Using the MoDGP (Modelling the Germplasm of Interest) tool, the pDT enables mapping geographic areas where stress-tolerant CWR populations can be found. With its graphical user interface, it offers flexibility in selecting genetic resources from CWR tailored to enhance the resilience of various crops against diverse stress factors.

• Mahlangu, Sibusiso; Ewers, Isabelle; Carvalho, Cintia Oliveira; Schrøder-Nielsen, Audun; Dunthorn, Micah & Karlsen, Hans Erik [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2025). Investigating the dynamics of the aquatic community in Oslofjord through time series analysis of eDNA. BioRxiv. ISSN 0362-4331. doi: 10.1101/2025.02.05.636659. Full text in Research Archive
• Endresen, Dag & Raes, Niels (2024). Biodiversity monitoring data via GBIF. Full text in Research Archive
• Endresen, Dag (2024). Accessing and publishing marine biodiversity data in GBIF and OBIS. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Webinar about Digital Twins of the Ocean and Biodiversity - plenary presentation of data publication in OBIS and GBIF.

• Chala, Desalegn; Kusch, Erik; Andrew, Carrie; Torma, Michal; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah & Kehel, Zakaria [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2024). BioDT Hackathon: Second End-Users Workshop, January 2024. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Three-day hackathon titled Harnessing Digital Twinning for Sustainable Agriculture: Predictive Characterisation and Conservation of Crop Wild Relatives, takes place from January 23rd to 25th, 2024 in Oslo, Norway. The event, promises to unravel the immense potential of digital twinning in revolutionizing global agricultural practices.

• Endresen, Dag; Raes, Niels; Kusch, Erik; Katusic, Luka; Borodin, Oleg & Palpurina, Salza (2024). GBIF Europe and Central Asia Nodes meeting 2024. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The 16th meeting of the GBIF Europe and Central Asia nodes is hosted by the GBIF Croatia from 26 to 29 of May 2024 the in-person and on-site meeting is open to node managers from the European and Central Asia participant nodes. Non-member countries and international organizations are invited to express their interest in joining the meeting as observers. The ECA nodes have been through an open regional process, led by Dag Endresen and Niels Raes, to select the dates and country to host the meeting. The meeting will be held in Zagreb. The selection of Croatia also reflects the wish to strengthen engagement in the Balkans and the visibility of GBIF in this relatively new GBIF Participant country.

• Finstad, Anders Gravbrøt; Altenburger, Andreas; Bakken, Vidar; Pitusi, Vanessa; Hovstad, Knut Anders & Endresen, Dag (2024). GBIF seminar in Tromsø, May 2024. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Norwegian GBIF node in cooperation with the Arctic University Museum of Norway would like to welcome you to an open biodiversity data seminar on Thursday 23rd and Friday 24th of May in Tromsø at Tromsø Museum. On day one, we will present the GBIF along with interesting use cases demonstrating how this infrastructure can help make your biodiversity research transparent and reproducible. On day 2 we offer hands-on training with data publishing. This is a fantastic opportunity to work on your data with the assistance of experts. We invite you to bring your own data. It is also possible to practise with dummy data that we can provide for you. No experience is required, as long as you know and understand your own dataset!

• Islam, Sharif; Gordillo, Julian Lopez; Endresen, Dag & Andrew, Carrie (2024). Bridging Data Standards and FAIR Principles in Biodiversity Digital Twinning: Prototyping, Challenges, Lessons Learned, and Future Plans. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards (BISS). 8. doi: 10.3897/biss.8.133089. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Digital twins combine modelling, domain knowledge, computing power, and multiple datasets to offer the potential to unlock new insights into biodiversity (de Koning et al. 2023). The Biodiversity Digital Twin (BioDT) project pioneers this approach to aid in understanding biodiversity through prototyping digital twins (Golivets et al. 2024). However, working with biodiversity data presents challenges due to their dynamic and diverse nature as well as the need for having to deal with incompleteness, uncertainties (Rocchini et al. 2011), disproportionate representation patterns in global studies from wealthier economies (Hughes et al. 2024), and issues with data aggregation and integration (Wüest et al. 2020). Similar to BioDT, there are also plans for creating a Digital Twin of the Ocean (DTO). DTO-Bioflow project addresses these data challenges in the marine domain, where studies show that although European seas host 48,000 marine species (75% described), the data are not yet FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) (Ramírez et al. 2022). These challenges hamper the modelling capabilities needed for effective predictions and conservation prioritisation. The adaptability of digital twins across temporal and spatial scales and their ability to model dynamic ecosystems make them ideal for biodiversity research and real-time conservation efforts. However, their success hinges on the consistent integration and alignment of data from disparate sources (Trantas et al. 2023). This integration involves standardising terms used to describe datasets, such as temporal coverage or controlled vocabularies like "Forest" for targetHabitatScope. Thus, adopting data standards is essential. Additionally, challenges such as model bias (Lewers 2023), research context, and data provenance must be considered, adding complexity to metadata capture and alignment. BioDT addresses these challenges with modular building blocks for data integration, model deployment, and workflow management. This approach facilitates the gradual adoption of data standards and FAIR principles, which need to encompass not just data, but also models and software. As automation, ease of reproducibility, and deployability are critical for digital twinning success, data integration and interoperability issues may arise due to missing or insufficient parameter descriptions in the model, incomplete information on data selection, and the unavailability of required software package details. Thus, data standardisation provides a pathway for a consistent approach that can be adopted for different use cases. Common data sources in BioDT, like species occurrences and environmental variables, benefit from standards such as Darwin Core (Wieczorek et al. 2012) and the Ecological Metadata Language (Jones et al. 2019). While valuable, these standards may not fully encompass the complexity needed for comprehensive biodiversity digital twins. Additionally, differing familiarity with these standards and FAIR principles among communities pose challenges. Continuous adoption of data standards, alongside exploring complementary approaches like schema.org or bioschemas.org for capturing diverse (meta)data, is essential. Collaboration with data providers, modellers, and various research infrastructures is also crucial (Andrew et al. 2024).

• Weiland, Claus; Grieb, Jonas; Bauer, Daniel; Gelete, Desalegn Chala; Kusch, Erik & Andrew, Carrie [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2024). Dataspace Integration for Agrobiodiversity Digital Twins with RO-Crate. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards (BISS). 8. doi: 10.3897/biss.8.134479. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  A severe impact of human-induced climate change is the global decrease in crop yields, threatening the United Nations sustainable development goal (SDG) to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture (SDG 2: “Zero Hunger Goal”). Decision-making on appropriate mitigation strategies requires data integration from heterogeneous data-rich contexts including Earth observation (EO), biodiversity monitoring, gene banks as well as socio-economic data. Accordingly, large-scale initiatives for thematic data spaces, such as the European projects Destination Earth (DestinE) and the Green Deal Data Space, have been launched. Underutilized crops and crop wild relatives (CWR) can contribute to mitigating the impacts of climate change since their greater genetic diversity allows adaptation of agro-food sources to extreme weather events such as flooding and drought or emerging crop pests. Within the framework of Biodiversity Digital Twin (BioDT), a prototype digital twin for crop genetic resources modeling is under development. This prototype combines the scanning of genetic resources of CWRs and traditional cultivars for promising pest resistance and abiotic tolerance traits with advanced species distribution modeling and actual climate scenarios from EO. The aim is to generate habitat suitability maps and identify potential areas where relevant populations are potentially growing (Chala et al. 2024). The talk gives an overview of data models used to facilitate the required interoperability of both Earth models and environmental data within and across different data spaces such as the DestinE Data Lake (Duatis Juarez et al. 2023). Based on our findings from the use case of agrobiodiversity digital twins, we will discuss approaches for processing machine-actionable digital objects (Fig. 1) containing workflow information (i.e., in the Common Workflow Language format, Crusoe et al. 2022), and for sharing resulting research data in a FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) manner by leveraging on so-called webby FAIR Digital Objects involving Research Object Crate (RO-Crate, Soiland-Reyes et al. 2022), FAIR Signposting (Soiland-Reyes et al. 2024) and schema.org and its Bioschemas extension respectively (Castro et al. 2020),

• Mering, Sabine von; Cubey, Robert W. N.; Endresen, Dag; Hendriksen, Annika; Leachman, Siobhan & Mietchen, Daniel [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2024). Advancing Community Curation of Research Expeditions: A Collaborative Journey with Wikidata and Biodiversity Information Standards. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards (BISS). 8(e138921). doi: 10.3897/biss.8.138921. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Research expeditions are an important source of specimens in natural history collections. To further open up and increase the accessibility of related collection data, unambiguous naming of such events is required, and stable identifiers for the expeditions are needed. In the absence of a global catalogue for expeditions, we recommend the usage of Wikidata Q identifiers. The sharing of metadata and descriptions will facilitate the linking of material distributed across museums and related research data. It will also help to identify further specimens with missing metadata belonging to the same expeditions.

• Torma, Michal & Endresen, Dag (2024). Biodiversity data publication workshop at UiO 17 September 2024. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Natural History Museum MaNa group and Norwegian Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) node invite students, PhDs, postdocs, researchers, and faculty at the University of Oslo and other institutions for a 1-day workshop on Tuesday, 17 September 2024.

• Kongshavn, Katrine; Altenburger, Andreas & Endresen, Dag (2024). GBIF Norway - we help publishing your biodiversity data. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  GBIF—the Global Biodiversity Information Facility—is an international network and data infrastructure funded by the world’s governments and aimed at providing anyone, anywhere, open access to data about all types of life on Earth. Coordinated through its Secretariat in Copenhagen, the GBIF network of participating countries and organizations, working through the participant nodes, provides data-holding institutions around the world with common standards, best practices, and open-source tools enabling them to share biodiversity information. This knowledge derives from many different kinds of sources, including everything from museum specimens collected in the 18th and 19th centuries to DNA barcodes and smartphone photos recorded in recent days and weeks. Information aggregated by GBIF serves a wide variety of uses and data products developed by stakeholders external to the core GBIF community. The GBIF network operates capacity development programs targeting support for biodiversity data services, including in close collaboration with international and national academic institutions such as ForBio. The role of GBIF aligns very well with and complements the focus of ForBio to build capacity “to meet society’s needs for biodiversity expertise”. GBIF Norway is the Norwegian participant node in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, GBIF. Our main task is to make primary data on biological diversity from the Norwegian collections and observation databases freely available and to coordinate and support GBIF-related activities and data use in Norway and internationally.

• Chala, Desalegn; Endresen, Dag; Demissew, Sebsebe; Slaughter, Laura Ann; Johnsen, Einar Broch & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2024). Stop using racist, unethical, and inappropriate names in taxonomy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS). ISSN 0027-8424. 121(45). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2415490121. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this opinion piece, we address the growing debate surrounding the historical biases embedded in scientific names, which reflect colonialism, racism, sexism, and casteism. While many advocate for revising these names to align with modern ethical standards, concerns about disrupting binomial nomenclature stability persist. We argue that, in the digital era, effective solutions exist to manage name changes without significant disruption. Our paper proposes the creation of dedicated committees to handle names with clear ethical issues, the implementation of persistent identifiers to track changes, and the establishment of strict rules and guidelines against using scientific names with ethical issues and mechanisms to check for such problems before endorsing any new names. We emphasize that science must evolve to reflect contemporary values and not perpetuate historical injustices.

• Bonchev, Georgi; Kamenova, Stefaniya; Wirta, Helena; Boer, Hugo de; Endresen, Dag & Frøslev, Tobias Guldberg [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2023). Course on DNA barcode data in BOLD and GBIF - Bulgaria. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Accelerating biodiversity research through DNA barcodes, collection, and observation data. Regional Training course for M.Sc. and Ph.D. students with expert trainers and trainers-in-training - Bulgaria

• Kongshavn, Katrine; Endresen, Dag; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah; Bakken, Vidar & Torma, Michal (2023). University Museum of Bergen - Data publication workshop. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Norwegian Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) node and the University Museum of Bergen welcomes you to a 2-day workshop to publish biodiversity data as Darwin Core Archives on March 13-14th, 2023.

• Endresen, Dag (2023). Presentation of the Biodiversity Digital Twin (BioDT) project for the University of Oslo (UiO) Natural History Museum (NHMO) Department of Research and Collections on 2023-03-24. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Presentation of the Biodiversity Digital Twin (BioDT) project for the University of Oslo (UiO) Natural History Museum (NHMO) Department of Research and Collections on 2023-03-24.

• Rechsteiner, Aud Helen Halbritter; Grainger, Matthew; Telford, Richard James; Kusch, Erik; Nilsen, Erlend Birkeland & Andrew, Carrie [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2023). Living Norway Course on Open, Reproducible and Transparent Science in Ecology. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Universities, journals, and funding bodies increasingly demand open and reproducible research practices across the scientific community. Research data needs to be FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable), workflows need to be reproducible, and science needs to be transparent. This aims to improve the efficiency and quality of research and thus to increase the credibility of science. This course offers hands-on training on methods and technologies to make research more open, reproducible and transparent. The course is centred around the life-cycle of data from planning, managing, collecting, curating, analysing, publishing, storing, sharing and reusing data. It is aimed at PhD students (will be prioritised) as well as early-career researchers in ecology, who produce their own data (i.e. collect data in the field/lab), use data from others (i.e. databases) or both.

• Marsden, Luke; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah; Torma, Michal & Endresen, Dag (2023). Marine data publishing workshop. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Norwegian Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) node, in collaboration with the Nansen Legacy project, 2-day workshop to help you publish your biodiversity data as Darwin Core Archives! This is a fantastic opportunity to work on your data with the assistance of experts who are involved in developing the Darwin Core standards.

• Endresen, Dag & Tykarski, Piotr (2023). Europe and Central Asia Nodes meeting 2023. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The 2023 regional GBIF Europe and Central Asia Nodes meeting (ECA2023) in Warsaw, 15-18 May 2023.

• Kusch, Erik & Endresen, Dag (2023). BioDT task 4.3 kickoff workshop. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The BioDT task 4.3 kickoff was organized at the GBIF Europe and Central Asia regional nodes meeting in Warsaw 17th and 18th of May 2023.

• Endresen, Dag (2023). Biodiversity ontologies. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  GBIF Norway was invited to the UiO Digital Scholar Centre Data Managers Network to present how we use biodiversity ontologies.

• Endresen, Dag; Bakken, Vidar & Mckay, Reed April (2023). Data and Stats Forum at MINA NMBU. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  GBIF—the Global Biodiversity Information Facility—is an international network and data infrastructure funded by the world's governments and aimed at providing anyone, anywhere, open access to data about all types of life on Earth. Data available through the GBIF portal are primarily distribution data on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes for the world, and scientific names data. The workshop will demonstrate how you can access different types of biodiversity data published through the GBIF platform. And we will also have a brief "bring-your-own-data" workshop to demonstrate how you can publish your own research data to the GBIF platform and get a dataset DOI with data citation tracking services to follow what your dataset is reused for and by whom.

• Endresen, Dag & Miller, Joe (2023). Overview of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  GBIF Norway and the GBIF Secretariat were invited as speakers at the Plant Treaty (ITPGRFA) fifth meeting of the Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) of the Global Information System (GLIS) in Rome from 8th to 9th May 2023.

• Islam, Sharif; Koivula, Hanna; Endresen, Dag; Kusch, Erik; Schigel, Dmitry & Addink, Wouter (2023). Data Standards and Interoperability Challenges for Biodiversity Digital Twin: A novel and transformative approach to biodiversity research and application. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Biodiversity Digital Twin (BioDT) project (2022-2025) aims to create prototypes that integrate various data sets, models, and expert domain knowledge enabling prediction capabilities and decision-making support for critical issues in biodiversity dynamics. While digital twin concepts have been applied in industries for continuous monitoring of physical phenomena, their application in biodiversity and environmental sciences presents novel challenges (Bauer et al. 2021, de Koning et al. 2023). In addition, successfully developing digital twins for biodiversity requires addressing interoperability challenges in data standards. BioDT is developing prototype digital twins based on use cases that span various data complexities, from point occurrence data to bioacoustics, covering nationwide forest states to specific communities and individual species. The project relies on FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) and FAIR enabling resources like standards and vocabularies (Schultes et al. 2020) to enable the exchange, sharing, and reuse of biodiversity information, fostering collaboration among participating research infrastructures (DiSSCo, eLTER, GBIF, and LifeWatch) and data providers. It also involves creating a harmonised abstraction layer using Persistent Identifiers (PID) and FAIR Digital Object (FDO) records, alongside semantic mapping and crosswalk techniques to provide machine-actionable metadata (Schultes and Wittenburg 2019, Schwardmann 2020). Governance and engagement with research infrastructure stakeholders play crucial roles in this regard, with a focus on aligning technical and data standards discussions. In addition to data, models and workflows are key elements in BioDT. Models in the BioDT context are formal representations of problems or processes, implemented through equations, algorithms, or a combination of both, which can be executed by machine entities. The current twin prototypes are considering both statistical and mechanistic models, introducing significant variations in (1) data requirements, (2) modelling approaches and philosophy, and (3) model output. The BioDT consortium will develop guidelines and protocols for how to describe these models, what metadata to include, and how they will interact with the diverse datasets. While discussions on this topic exist within the broader context of biodiversity and ecological sciences (Jeltsch et al. 2013, Fer et al. 2020), the BioDT project is strongly committed to finding a solution within its scope. In the twinning context, data and models need to be executed within a computing infrastructure and also need to adhere to FAIR principles. Software within BioDT includes a suite of tools that facilitate data acquisition, storage, processing, and analysis. While some of these tools already exist, the challenge lies in integrating them within the digital twinning framework. One approach to achieving integration is through workflow representation, encompassing standardised procedures and protocols that guide the acquisition, packaging, processing, and analysis of data. The project is exploring Research Object Crate (RO-Crate) implementation for this (Soiland-Reyes et al. 2022). Implementing workflows can ensure reproducibility, scalability, and transparency in research practices, enabling scientists to validate and replicate findings. The BioDT project offers a novel and transformative approach to biodiversity research and application. By leveraging collaborative research infrastructures and adhering to data standards, BioDT aims to harness the power of data, software, supercomputers, models, and expertise to provide new insights. The foundation provided by the data standards, including those of Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG), is crucial in realising the full potential of digital twins, facilitating the seamless integration of diverse data sources and combinations with models.

• Mering, Sabine von; Braun, Paul Jean-Charles; Cubey, Robert W. N.; Groom, Quentin; Haston, Elspeth M. & Hendriksen, Anikka [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2023). Modelling research expeditions in Wikidata: best practice for standardisation and contextualisation. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards (BISS). 7. doi: 10.3897/biss.7.111427. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Expeditions and other collecting events are a major source of objects in natural history museums (e.g., Mesibov 2021). Historically, these trips were often transdisciplinary: biological and Earth science specimens were collected at the same time as ethnological or anthropological objects. As a result, specimens and other material gathered during the same expedition, as well as the related data and metadata, are often distributed across multiple institutions. Many expeditions were driven by colonial agendas, aiming to discover new resources to exploit, and their findings were seldom shared with the source countries and local people. Understanding these expeditions illuminates the colonial origins of museum collections, and contributes to recognizing and addressing their impacts (e.g., Das and Lowe 2018, Ashby and Machin 2021).

• Melteig, Elina; Endresen, Dag; Boer, Hugo de; Khodosovtsev, Alexander & Moysiyenko, Ivan (2023). Mens bombene falt, snek forskerne ut en unik herbariesamling fra Kherson. [Internet]. Forkning.no. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Hva var det som fikk forskere til å risikere livet i Ukraina for en objektsamling? Kherson State University i Ukraina har et unikt herbarium med 30.000 objekter. Forskerne hadde for lengst blitt evakuert. Likevel våget de seg tilbake mens krigen herjet rundt dem.

• Islam, Sharif; Koivula, Hanna; Endresen, Dag; Kusch, Erik; Schigel, Dmitry & Addink, Wouter (2023). Data Standards and Interoperability Challenges for Biodiversity Digital Twin: A novel and transformative approach to biodiversity research and application. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards (BISS). 7. doi: 10.3897/biss.7.112373. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Biodiversity Digital Twin (BioDT) project (2022-2025) aims to create prototypes that integrate various data sets, models, and expert domain knowledge enabling prediction capabilities and decision-making support for critical issues in biodiversity dynamics. While digital twin concepts have been applied in industries for continuous monitoring of physical phenomena, their application in biodiversity and environmental sciences presents novel challenges (Bauer et al. 2021, de Koning et al. 2023). In addition, successfully developing digital twins for biodiversity requires addressing interoperability challenges in data standards. BioDT is developing prototype digital twins based on use cases that span various data complexities, from point occurrence data to bioacoustics, covering nationwide forest states to specific communities and individual species. The project relies on FAIR principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) and FAIR enabling resources like standards and vocabularies (Schultes et al. 2020) to enable the exchange, sharing, and reuse of biodiversity information, fostering collaboration among participating research infrastructures (DiSSCo, eLTER, GBIF, and LifeWatch) and data providers. It also involves creating a harmonised abstraction layer using Persistent Identifiers (PID) and FAIR Digital Object (FDO) records, alongside semantic mapping and crosswalk techniques to provide machine-actionable metadata (Schultes and Wittenburg 2019, Schwardmann 2020). Governance and engagement with research infrastructure stakeholders play crucial roles in this regard, with a focus on aligning technical and data standards discussions. In addition to data, models and workflows are key elements in BioDT. Models in the BioDT context are formal representations of problems or processes, implemented through equations, algorithms, or a combination of both, which can be executed by machine entities. The current twin prototypes are considering both statistical and mechanistic models, introducing significant variations in (1) data requirements, (2) modelling approaches and philosophy, and (3) model output. The BioDT consortium will develop guidelines and protocols for how to describe these models, what metadata to include, and how they will interact with the diverse datasets. While discussions on this topic exist within the broader context of biodiversity and ecological sciences (Jeltsch et al. 2013, Fer et al. 2020), the BioDT project is strongly committed to finding a solution within its scope. In the twinning context, data and models need to be executed within a computing infrastructure and also need to adhere to FAIR principles. Software within BioDT includes a suite of tools that facilitate data acquisition, storage, processing, and analysis. While some of these tools already exist, the challenge lies in integrating them within the digital twinning framework. One approach to achieving integration is through workflow representation, encompassing standardised procedures and protocols that guide the acquisition, packaging, processing, and analysis of data. The project is exploring Research Object Crate (RO-Crate) implementation for this (Soiland-Reyes et al. 2022). Implementing workflows can ensure reproducibility, scalability, and transparency in research practices, enabling scientists to validate and replicate findings. The BioDT project offers a novel and transformative approach to biodiversity research and application. By leveraging collaborative research infrastructures and adhering to data standards, BioDT aims to harness the power of data, software, supercomputers, models, and expertise to provide new insights. The foundation provided by the data standards, including those of Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG), is crucial in realising the full potential of digital twins, facilitating the seamless integration of diverse data sources and combinations with models.

• Rechsteiner, Aud Helen Halbritter; Endresen, Dag; Nilsen, Erlend Birkeland; Chipperfield, Joseph; Grainger, Matthew & Telford, Richard James [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2022). Open, Reproducible, and Transparent Science in Ecology. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Manage, produce, use, and reuse data with reproducible workflows. A course at Finse Alpine Research Centre organized by the University of Bergen (UiB) Ecological and Environmental Change Research Group together with Living Norway and GBIF Norway, 14-18 November 2022. Universities, journals, and funding bodies increasingly demand open and reproducible research practices across the scientific community. Research data needs to be FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable), workflows need to be reproducible, and science needs to be transparent. This aims to improve the efficiency and quality of research and thus increase the credibility of science. Do you want to gain new skills in data management, making your data FAIR, and your workflows reproducible? Do you want training in open-source tools such as GitHub and R that can be used to achieve this? We offer hands-on training on methods and technologies to make research more open, reproducible, and transparent. The course is centered around the life-cycle of data from planning, managing, collecting, curating, analyzing, publishing, storing, sharing, and reusing data. It is aimed at Ph.D. students (will be prioritized) as well as early-career researchers in ecology, who produce their own data (i.e. collect data in the field/lab), use data from others (i.e. databases), or both. The course will be held at the Finse Alpine Research Centre, from 14 - 18 November 2022. Students will be introduced to open science, data management, data repositories/databases, data standards (e.g. FAIR, CARE), best practice, and reproducible workflows (e.g. data curation, analysis, GitHub, reporting results). Experts will give lectures on these topics and provide hands-on training that will give you opportunities to practice new skills. We will provide examples, but also encourage you to bring your own data and problems to work on.

• Giuffrida, Rita; Dmitry, Schigel; Endresen, Dag; Taubert, Franziska; Ovaskainen, Otso & Chala, Desalegn [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2022). The BioDT use cases: unique demonstrators to test the biodiversity Digital Twin prototype. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The BioDT project aims to develop the biodiversity digital twin prototype to help better predict global biodiversity dynamics and how species interact with their environment and with each other. In order to test the work developed by the BioDT team in the three years of the project, groups of use cases will showcase how BioDT can examine its predictive performance and address biodiversity challenges through scenario simulations, predictions and biomonitoring methods. In order to speed up with the development of the BioDT use cases, the project team has met from 5 to 7 September 2022 in Potsdam, Germany, for an internal technical workshop. The aim of the event was to: * Consolidate the use cases leads and project teams; * Develop the scientific questions for each use case; * Start developing requirements for each use case; * Identify data types and sources to be used; * Prioritise UCs and exact scenarios to be addressed by initial development work; * Define the process of data flow from Research Infrastructures (RIs) to modellers; * Define data format and quality requirements between 1) RIs and 2) RIs and modellers. The workshop was organised by UFZ and welcomed 17 participants from BioDT partners. Following this workshop, and in order to present the use cases developments also to external partners, a free BioDT webinar was organised on 27 September 2022. The event showcased through presentations, interactive sessions with the audience and a Questions & Answers session the main achievements of the use cases and the next steps. During the 1-hour webinar, it was possible for attendees to learn more about the scope, challenges, solutions and benefits brought by the BioDT use cases and how their development can help scientists in predicting future trends in biodiversity. The webinar was organised by Trust-IT in cooperation with the use cases leaders.

• Endresen, Dag (2022). Global Biodiversity Information Facility - Free and open access to biodiversity data. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The aim of the Living Norway open science lab is to reach out to students and researchers in ecology, conservation science and ecology that share an interest in open, transparent and reproducible science. Sharing and reusing research data will be a particular focus area, but the lab will be a place for discussions about all kinds of aspects of open science practices.

• Endresen, Dag; Tykarski, Piotr & Braun, Paul (2022). GBIF Europe and Central Asia Nodes meeting May 2022 in Luxembourg. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The regional GBIF Europe and Central Asia Nodes meeting (ECA2022) in Luxembourg, 23-25 May 2022.

• Marsden, Luke; Endresen, Dag; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah; Torma, Michal & Altenburger, Andreas (2022). Nansen Legacy - Marine data publishing workshop in Tromsø in September 2022. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Nansen Legacy (AeN) 3-day workshop to publish marine biodiversity data from the AeN project as Darwin Core Archives on September 20-22, 2022. With support from the Norwegian Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) node, and the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS, EurOBIS). https://www.gbif.no/events/2022/nansen-legacy-tromso.html

• Mayfield-Meyer, Teresa Jegelewicz; Baskauf, Steven J; Endresen, Dag; Bölling, Christian; Wieczorek, John & Pyle, Richard L. [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2022). MaterialSample and its Properties. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards (BISS). 6. doi: 10.3897/biss.6.91407. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) Material Sample Task Group*1 kicked off in the third quarter of 2021. The group’s initial focus was to 1) achieve a clear conceptual delineation between the terms MaterialSample, PreservedSpecimen, LivingSpecimen, and FossilSpecimen (the terms used in basisOfRecord in the current DwC-A provided to the Integrated Publishing Toolkit (IPT) for describing physical material) 2) define the conceptual relationship between these terms and the term Organism 3) consider the possible implications of the activities towards the diversification of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) data model*2 and what standards already exist that should inform our work. Based on this conceptual work, the group is now developing a concrete proposal for a clarification of a MaterialSample class with its own properties. Our presentation will provide a brief review of the task group's progress and our thoughts about what comes next.

• Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah; Endresen, Dag & Torma, Michal (2022). An Update on Persistent Identifiers in Norwegian Biodiversity Data. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards (BISS). doi: 10.3897/biss.6.91585. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Persistent identifiers (PIDs) are reference keys to pieces of digital information or digital objects (Meadows and Haak 2018). PIDs are long-lasting, trustworthy and ideally globally unique, allowing information to be unambigiously associated with a digital object. This allows, for example, collection objects to be annotated with data (e.g., improved geographic coordinates) from different web services and databases (Page 2008). In 2014, Norway began an initiative to provide all museum specimens at the University of Oslo's Natural History Museum (UiO NHM) with PIDs persistent and globally unique identifiers (PIDs) in the form of universally unique identifiers (UUIDs) prefixed by a persistent uniform resource locator (PURL) (Endresen and Svindseth 2014). This poster provides an update of progress made in this endeavor, and details the technical set up and workflow, as well as problems encountered and reflections on the process. So far, roughly 40% of UiO NHM's collections have PIDs entered in the Darwin Core materialSampleID field for the collections management system. The main technical problem has been in configuring the PURL service to set up redirects correctly. In the future, we plan to migrate from PURLs to the Handle system which provides identifiers for digital objects, or to using DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers), which are an implementation of the Handle system (Paskin 2017).

• Endresen, Dag; Russell, Laura Anne; Schigel, Dmitry; Prylutskyi, Oleh; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah & Torma, Michal [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2022). Four-day program on open biodiversity data publishing and high-level data paper publishing, online for Ukraine in August 2022. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Regional training course for M.Sc. and Ph.D. students from Ukraine with expert trainers and trainers-in-training, Tuesday 16 to Friday 19 August 2022. Plus preparatory assignments from 1st to 12th August, and post-course assignments from 22nd August to 3rd September. Successful attendees will be issued a certificate of attendance corresponding to 2 ECTS and a digital GBIF Certified Trainer badge. This training model has been tested in the Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) programme and is adapted to BioDATA needs. The course is designed for 16-20 participants. All applicants must submit a motivation letter as part of their registration. Lectures will be in English with teaching materials available both in English and Russian languages, with the support of Ukrainian-speaking mentors. https://www.nhm.uio.no/english/research/projects/biodata/activities/2022-ukraine.html

• Boer, Hugo de; Endresen, Dag; Schigel, Dmitry; Russell, Laura Anne; Rydmark, Marcella Christine Orwick & Abrahamyan, Armine [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2022). BioDATA final symposium for partner universities, ForBio, and GBIF at Tøyen in Oslo in November 2022. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Typically, established researchers, museum curators, and collection managers are involved in data management and data publishing to national and global biodiversity data facilities. By training early career (student) biodiversity scholars, we will efficiently turn the current academic and education landscape into a more open-data-friendly one. The closing event will focus on addressing students from the University of Oslo. Two students from each BioDATA partner country will be able to participate and present their studies and data activities as dataset publications through GBIF.org and/or as data papers, an emerging and student-friendly publication type. GBIF Norway with the support from the GBIF Secretariat will act as a data publishing facilitator. BioDATA final symposium for partner universities, ForBio, and GBIF. Venue in Oslo (11-12 November 2022). https://www.nhm.uio.no/english/research/projects/biodata/activities/2022-final-seminar.html

• Endresen, Dag; Russell, Laura Anne; Schigel, Dmitry; Boer, Hugo de; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah & Torma, Michal [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2022). Five-day program curriculum on open biodiversity data publishing, including excursion and bioblitz in Dilijan, Armenia in May 2022. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Regional Training course for M.Sc. and Ph.D. students with expert trainers and trainers-in-training - Dilijan, Armenia (5 days), 1 to 5 May 2022. Successful attendees will be issued a certificate of attendance corresponding to 2 ECTS and a digital GBIF Certified Trainer badge. This training model has been tested in the Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) programme and is adapted to BioDATA needs. The course is designed for 16-20 participants. All applicants must submit a motivation letter as part of their registration. The lectures will be in English (with some teaching materials available in Armenian). https://www.nhm.uio.no/english/research/projects/biodata/activities/2022-armenia.html

• Endresen, Dag (2021). Biodiversity informatics for the Norwegian museums at Tøyen in Oslo in March 2021. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Norwegian university museums have started a process to maintain but re-evaluate the collaboration structures. This process includes an evaluation of informatics solutions including digitization solutions, collection management software, and GBIF data streams. https://www.gbif.no/news/2021/biodiversity-informatics-for-the-norwegian-museums.html

• Endresen, Dag; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah & Bakken, Vidar (2021). Node update from GBIF Norway: Wikidata, Agent identifiers, Material Sample. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Node update from GBIF Norway: Wikidata, Agent identifiers, MaterialSample. Presentation by GBIF Norway

• Endresen, Dag & Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah (2021). Update on BioDATA - DNA metabarcoding data management. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  GNM 2021 (Virtual) Group 1 – data mobilization training and guidance on sequence-derived data mobilization, presentation by Dag Terje Filip Endresen, GBIF Node Manager

• Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah; Endresen, Dag & Bakken, Vidar (2021). Norwegian GBIF marine datasets from OBIS. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  GNM 2021 (Virtual) Marine data mobilization session presentation by Norwegian GBIF Node

• Kamenova, Stefaniya; Boer, Hugo de; Endresen, Dag; Russell, Laura Anne; Schigel, Dmitry & Wirta, Helena K (2021). Accelerating biodiversity research through DNA barcodes, collection and observation data (online for Georgia and Armenia June 2021). Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This course will teach how to use DNA barcodes, collection and observation data to resolve research questions in biodiversity. The four-day intensive programme will use a combination of lectures, tutorials, and hands-on exercises. You will learn to handle biodiversity data including DNA barcoding. You will gain practical experience in using open and digitally documented biodiversity data through GBIF and BOLD to answer biodiversity research questions. You will understand and practice capturing observation, collection, and genetic data from analogue and digital sources. Finally, the course provides basic skills in data publishing through GBIF. This course is a collaboration between the Diku-funded University of Oslo project BioDATA, the BMBF-funded project Caucasus Barcode of Life (CaBOL), and GBIF - Global Biodiversity Information Facility.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2021). The role of biodiversity informatics in the global biodiversity information facility, GBIF. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Role of biodiversity informatics in the Global Biodiversity Informatics Facility (GBIF). Seminar at the Government College University of Lahore in Pakistan 18th of May, 10:00 CEST Oslo, 13.00 PKT Lahore, 08:00 UTC. Pakistan is an affiliated observer in GBIF (since August 2001), and the Government College University of Lahore is registered and endorsed as a GBIF data publisher (since October 2020).

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah & Bakken, Vidar (2021). Capacity development activities from GBIF Norway. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Capacity building is an essential component of the GBIF community, a "soft" skill that (even with all the pandemic-related practice) is exceedingly hard to do well. Ahead of a summer calendar that includes the GBIF Global Nodes Meeting and the start of dozens of new projects funded through the BID, BIFA and CESP programmes, this session of the GBIF community webinar will take a deeper look into current training activities across the network.

• Endresen, Dag (2021). Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) og åpne forskningsdata om biologisk mangfold. Full text in Research Archive
• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2021). Lecture on biodiversity informatics. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Online lecture for a master's and Ph.D. course at NTNU about biodiversity informatics, GBIF, and open data.

• Goodson, Hillary; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah; Bakken, Vidar & Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2021). Presentation of GBIF for the Norwegian Oil & Gas environment monitoring network meeting on April 7th 2021. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Presentation of GBIF for the Norwegian Oil & Gas environment monitoring network meeting on April 7th, 2021. Participants from: Lundin, Total, Conoco Phillips, Okea, AkerBP, Equinor, Wintershall, Spirit Energy, Aker BP, Shell, Lotos upstream, Repsol, Vår energi.

• Endresen, Dag (2021). Digitalisering og GBIF - Registering av samlinger i GRSciColl og Wikidata og publisering av samlingsdata i GBIF. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Digitalisering og GBIF - Registering av samlinger i GRSciColl og Wikidata og publisering av samlingsdata i GBIF. Dag Endresen (GBIF) (20 min foredrag, 10 min spørsmål)

• Endresen, Dag (2021). Råd fra GBIF-Norge til datainfrastrukturutvalget i dialogmøte 2021-11-19. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  [Råd 1] Norske forskningsdata bør publiseres i henhold til internasjonale data-standarder. Internasjonale data-standarder sikrer interoperabilitet og reelle muligheter for gjenbruk av data. Etablerte data-standarder innenfor et fagområde gir ofte best effekt for realisert gjenbruk, men kan hindre gjenbruk av data i nye og uforutsette tverrfaglige studier og sammenhenger. Norge bør derfor også bidra til tverrfaglig videreutvikling av interoperabilitet på tvers av data-standarder som er i anvendelse innenfor de enkelte fagområder. [Råd 2] Måloppnåelse for økt deling av forskningsdata blir enklere med effektive insentiver. Vi tror at etablering av forskningsdata som siterbart vitenskapelig produkt slik som DORA (sfdora.org, 2012) og Force11 (force11.org, 2011) beskriver gir viktige retningslinjer som datainfrastrukturutvalget bør forsøke å integrere i nye Norske retningslinjer. [Råd 3] Metrikk for å måle gjennomslag og innflytelse (impact) av forskning ("tellekanter") bør utvides til å inkludere metrikk for anerkjennelse av datakilde (data-publikasjon, data-sitering) for både forsker og institusjon. Publisering av forskningsdata bør fortrinnsvis utføres gjennom en profesjonell infrastruktur (slik som GBIF) der opphavsmann og de ulike bidragsytere til produksjon, innsamling, tilretteleggelse, håndtering, og bevaring av data kan registreres. Dataset bør tilordnes stabil digital identitet, gjennom løsninger slik som DOI (digital object identifier). Personer bør knyttes til stabil digital identitet gjennom løsninger slik som ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID, orcid.org). Institusjoner bør knyttes til stabil digital identitet gjennom system løsninger slik som ROR (Research Organization Registry, ror.org). [Råd 4] Etablering av infrastruktur for forskningsdata tar tid og behøver derfor kontinuitet og forutsigbare rammer, mandat, og langsiktig strategisk investering. Effektiv langsiktig investering i felles internasjonale løsninger krever ofte bedre kontinuitet enn det som er mulig innenfor handlingsrommet for basisfinansiering for enkelte forskningsinstitusjoner og universiteter. Samtidig som felles multi-nasjonal investering i fellesløsninger ofte har en betydelig lavere kostnad enn en alternativ mere fragmentert infrastruktur. GBIF Norge (GBIF.no) er den norske deltagernoden i Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF.org). GBIF er en internasjonal organisasjon som arbeider for fri og åpen tilgang til globalt dekkende informasjon om biologisk mangfold. GBIF ble etablert i 2001 etter en beslutning i OECDs Science Forum i 1999. Norge ble medlem av GBIF i 2004 og den norske deltagernoden, GBIF Norge, ble etablert med sekretariat ved Universitet i Oslo Naturhistorisk Museum i nært samarbeid med Artsdatabanken og med finansiering fra Forskningsrådet. GBIF Norges mandat omfatter nasjonal deltagelse i GBIF med internasjonal publisering av norske artsdata i henhold til internasjonale data-standarder som er forvaltet av GBIF.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip & Tykarski, Piotr (2020). GBIF region Europe and Central Asia 2020 nodes meeting. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  GBIF region Europe and Central Asia 2020 nodes meeting

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2020). BioDATA – Biodiversity data management skills for students. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  BioDATA – Biodiversity data management skills for students

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2020). GBIF: global biodiversity information facility. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Living Norway Colloquium 2020 - Towards openness and transparency in applied ecology 12 - 13 October 2020. Day one will be dedicated to public lectures from national and international invited speakers. On day two, two workshops, focusing on tools for integrated modeling of open data sources and increased teaching FAIR data management and open science, respectively.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Bakken, Vidar; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah & Ihlen, Per Gerhard (2020). Møte om biologiske mangfolddata for privat sektor. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  GBIF Capacity Enhancement Support Programme, Project CESP2019-004, OpenPSD: Promoting publication and use of private-sector data on biodiversity

• Boer, Hugo de & Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2020). Network seminar for DiSSCo (Distributed System of Scientific Collections) and GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility) in Norway. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This report summarizes a meeting held to discuss the Norwegian participation in the European Research Infrastructure project DiSSCo (Distributed System for Scientific Collections) and the international organization GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility). These two projects are part of a larger landscape of initiatives on open biodiversity data that are relevant from a Norwegian perspective. Close coordination of these and other initiatives is essential in communicating the needs and services of our biodiversity research community to funders and policymakers but also to create an integrated community that benefits from our shared expertise and investments in synergy. The meeting used invited talks by key national and international colleagues on how they coordinated these international initiatives as an inspiration and basis for discussion on how this can be done in Norway.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2020). Post-graduate symposium. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  A symposium for post-graduate PhD-fellows based in Trondheim on biodiversity informatics and GBIF metadata standards. The "Transforming Citizen Science for Biodiversity" project is a new initiative with partners from four NTNU faculties, along with two external partners. The group has core competencies in GIS, statistical modeling, and the use of citizen science data to tackle problems in very different aspects of ecology. This symposium on Wednesday 2nd December 2020 introduced biodiversity informatics and metadata standards used by GBIF. Participants: 6 post-graduate PhD fellows.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Tykarski, Piotr; Shashkov, Maxim; Ivanova, Natalya; Borodin, Oleg & Schigel, Dmitry [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2019). BioData: Data skills in biodiversity education and research in Bialowieza, Belarus. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Regional training course for M.Sc. and Ph.D. students with expert trainers and trainers-in-training - in Belarus (5 days). Data publishing course in Belarus, 11-15 November 2019. Successful attendees will be issued a certificate of attendance corresponding to 2 ECTS and a digital GBIF Certified Trainer badge. This training model has been tested in the Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) programme and is adapted to BioDATA needs. The course is designed for 16-20 participants. All applicants must submit a motivation letter as part of their registration. Lectures will be partly in English and partly in Russian with all the materials available in both languages. Eligibility for BioDATA students is limited to the partner countries in the BioDATA project: Belarus, Ukraine, Armenia, and Tajikistan - with a focus on Belarus for this particular course. Travel, meals, and accommodation will be covered for accepted participants in this course. Please note that all participants must have valid travel insurance that covers medical expenses.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Abrahamyan, Armine; Mirzorakhimov, Akobir; Melikyan, Andreas; Verstraete, Brecht & Schigel, Dmitry [Show all 17 contributors for this article] (2019). BioDATA: Biodiversity data mobilisation and data publication training in Eurasia. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards (BISS). 3(e37543). doi: 10.3897/biss.3.37543. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  BioDATA (Biodiversity Data for Internationalisation in Higher Education) is an international project to develop and deliver biodiversity data training for undergraduate and postgraduate students from Armenia, Belarus, Tajikistan, and Ukraine. By training early career (student) biodiversity scholars, we aim at turning the current academic and education biodiversity landscape into a more open-data-friendly one. Professional practitioners (researchers, museum curators, and collection managers involved in data publishing) from each country were also invited to join the project as assistant teachers (mentors). The project is developed by the Research School in Biosystematics - ForBio and the Norwegian GBIF-node, both at the Natural History Museum of the University of Oslo in collaboration with the Secretariat of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and partners from each of the target countries. The teaching material is based on the GBIF curriculum for data mobilization and all students will have the opportunity to gain the respective GBIF certification. All materials are made freely available for reuse and even in this very early phase of the project, we have already seen the first successful reuse of teaching materials among the project partners. The first BioDATA training event was organized in Minsk (Belarus) in February 2019 with the objective to train a minimum of four mentors from each target country. The mentor-trainees from this event will help us to teach the course to students in their home country together with teachers from the project team. BioDATA mentors will have the opportunity to gain GBIF certification as expert mentors which will open opportunities to contribute to future training events in the larger GBIF network. The BioDATA training events for the students will take place in Dushanbe (Tajikistan) in June 2019, in Minsk (Belarus) in November 2019, in Yerevan (Armenia) in April 2020, and in Kiev (Ukraine) in October 2020. Students from each country are invited to express their interest to participate by contacting their national project partner. We will close the project with a final symposium at the University of Oslo in March 2021. The project is funded by the Norwegian Agency for International Cooperation and Quality Enhancement in Higher Education (DIKU).

• Fitzgerald, Heli; Weibull, Jens; Bjureke, Kristina; Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Hagenblad, Jenny & Hyvärinen, Marko [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2019). Kulturplantenes ville slektninger må reddes. p. 27–27. Full text in Research Archive
• Fitzgerald, Heli; Weibull, Jens; Bjureke, Kristina; Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Hagenblad, Jenny & Hyvärinen, Marko [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2019). Vilda kulturväxtsläktingar måste skyddas för framtiden. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Vilda kulturväxtsläktingar är helt nödvändiga för att vi ska kunna hantera framtida utmaningar som rör tryggad livsmedelstillgång, ett miljömässigt hållbart jordbruk och att anpassa våra grödor till klimatförändringar.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Schigel, Dmitry; Shashkov, Maxim; Ivanova, Natalya; Mirzorakhimov, Akobir & Mamadalieva, Mukhabbatkhon [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2019). BioDATA: Course on data skills in biodiversity education and research in Tajikistan. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Regional training course for M.Sc. and Ph.D. students with expert trainers and trainers-in-training - in Shambari, Tajikistan (5 days). Data publishing course 3-7 June 2019. Successful attendees will be issued a certificate of attendance corresponding to 2 ECTS and a digital GBIF Certified Trainer badge. This training model has been tested in the Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) programme and is adapted to BioDATA needs. The course is designed for 16-20 participants. All applicants must submit a motivation letter as part of their registration. Lectures will be partly in English and partly in Russian with all materials available in both languages. Eligibility for BioDATA students is limited to the partner countries in the BioDATA project: Belarus, Ukraine, Armenia, and Tajikistan - with a focus on Tajikistan for this particular course. Travel, meals, and accommodation will be covered for accepted participants in this course. Accommodation and meals will be arranged by the course, while travel should be organized individually but this will be reimbursed during the course. Please note that all participants must have valid travel insurance that covers medical expenses.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2019). What is open science and why is it important for students? Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Rapid development in societal expectations, technological possibilities and the launch of FAIR data management principles are prevailing across scientific fields. We see a clear need to establish a curriculum and training program that prepare current and future ecologist for this new era. Such a curriculum should include both technological skills and ethical and legal reflections. In this workshop, we will present and discuss ideas for moving forward with these ideas.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Russell, Laura Anne; Schigel, Dmitry; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah; Tykarski, Piotr & Shashkov, Maxim [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2019). BioDATA Capacity Enhancement Training: Biodiversity Data Mobilization, Train-the-mentors. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The goal of the train-the-mentors course is to equip the target group, the most advanced and appropriate trainers in the target countries, with the necessary training skills to apply these as assistants in the main training activities in Dushanbe (June 2019), Minsk (November 2019), Yerevan (April 2020), and Kiev (October 2020).

• Yndgaard, Flemming & Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2019). The First NGB Data Management System, the Current System and the Future Perspectives. In Yndgaard, Flemming & Solberg, Svein Øivind (Ed.), 40 Years of Nordic Collaboration in Plant Genetic Resources. Nordic Genetic Resource Center. ISSN 9789198151091. p. 98–102. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Nordic Gene Bank (NGB) was founded on January 1, 1979, as a Nordic institution, established and operated by the Nordic Council of Ministers. The purpose of NGB was and is to collect, register, document, preserve and make inventories of all Nordic genetically valuable plant material for future use in agriculture and horticulture. Later, forest and animal genetic resources have been added. The work was carried out by NGB in close co-operation with plant breeders and other sci- entists. While serving gene bank purposes, a substantial part of the projects formed part of university research and teaching programmes as well. In the European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources (ECPGR) operated by IBPGR, which is discussed further in another chapter (Engels et al. 2019), NGB played an important role, being a regional gene bank. NGB was one of the very first gene banks to develop a flexible data-processing system based on genetic and biological principles that allowed all Nordic plant breeders and plant scientists to have access to all relevant gene bank information and material, including that of other gene banks.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Tykarski, Piotr; Archambeau, Anne-Sophie; Lysaght, Liam; Johaadien, Rukaya Sarah & Bakken, Vidar [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2019). European GBIF Nodes meeting 2019 in Oslo. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The 2019 annual European GBIF Nodes meeting will be in Oslo 22 to 24 May at the UiO Natural History Museum in Oslo.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Borodin, Oleg & Tykarski, Piotr (2019). BioDATA: Biodiversity data for internationalization in higher education. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  BioDATA Biodiversity Data for Internationalization in Higher Education is funded by the Norwegian Agency for International Cooperation and Quality Enhancement in Higher Education (DIKU) -- and is based on reusing training materials from the GBIF Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) program funded by the European Commission.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2019). GBIF Norway after 2020? Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Nodes training at the start of the Nodes meeting focussed on Nodes strategies, administration, and governance tools. Some of the Nodes stories were presented at the Global Nodes Meeting. Norway has an operational GBIF Node providing nationally important data pathways that are very well integrated into national information systems. However, there is not yet any solution in place for funding after 2019. In less than 3 months the node might be left without any node budget. Unfortunately, this is a situation far too many of the GBIF Nodes recognize alarmingly well - if they even have any appropriate node budget at all.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2018). Building a national biodiversity information facility in Norway. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Norway joined GBIF in 2004 as the 31st national country to sign the memorandum of understanding as a voting participant. The Norwegian membership in GBIF was ratified by the Ministry of Education and Research. The role as Head of Delegation (HoD) with voting rights in the GBIF Governing Board was from the start delegated to the Research Council of Norway (RCN). The role as Head of Delegation was in 2017 delegated to the Natural History Museum of the University of Oslo. The GBIF Participant Node for Norway was established 1st of June 2005 at the Natural History Museum of the University of Oslo (UiO-NHM) where the Node has been operative until today through a series of in total four funding periods (2005 to 2007, 2008 to 2011, 2012 to 2016, and 2017-2019). The Norwegian GBIF-node has (more or less) two dedicated full-time staff members and operates in close collaboration and sharing of responsibilities with the Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre (NBIC) in Trondheim. Together with the ForBio Research School in Biosystematics (ForBio), the Norwegian GBIF-node will collaborate on open data publication training in Russia and former Soviet countries in the Central Asia and Caucasus region during the next years with funding from the Norwegian Centre for International Cooperation in Education (SIU). Following the international conference on "Information Technologies in the Research of Biodiversity" in Irkutsk (11 to 14 September 2018), a training course on open data mobilization using GBIF and BOLD tools (15 to 19 September 2018) will be organized by ForBio in collaboration with GBIF, the University of Bergen and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, as part of the SIU funded MEDUSA project. A similar workshop with funding from SIU was organized by ForBio and GBIF together with the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology in Moscow from 15 to 17 May 2018 on "Digitization of collections and publishing data from wet collections". The BioDATA project by ForBio and GBIF with funding from SIU will organize a three-year training program (during 2018 to 2021) on open data mobilization together with partners from Armenia, Belarus, Tajikistan, Belarus, and Ukraine.

• Russell, Laura; Noé, Nicolas; Pamerlon, Sophie; Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Tykarski, Piotr & Reyserhove, Lien [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Capacity enhancement workshop on biodiversity data mobilization in the Balkans. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Four-day training course for the Balkan region is organized by the secretariat of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) together with GBIF Node staff from Belgium, France, Norway, and Poland. Participants will learn how to plan and implement biodiversity data mobilization efforts effectively and according to GBIF standards. The workshop will have a strong focus on the technical aspects of data mobilization — in particular everything related to the lifecycle: planning, capture, quality, and publishing in order to increase the amount, richness and quality of the data published through the GBIF network and made available for use in scientific research and policymaking. The social aspects of the process will also be considered.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Russell, Laura; Schigel, Dmitry; Ekrem, Torbjørn; Willassen, Endre & Kongshavn, Katrine [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2018). Data mobilization skills: training on mobilizing biodiversity data using GBIF and BOLD tools. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This course aims to contribute to enhancing the capacity to plan and implement biodiversity data digitization efforts effectively and according to GBIF standards. It will have a strong focus on the technical aspects of data mobilization — in particular, everything related to the data lifecycle: planning, digitization, management and online publishing in order to increase the amount, richness and quality of the data published through the GBIF network. The social aspects of the process will also be considered. The event will have online and onsite components and both will have a strong practical approach including a significant component of group work.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2018). Event core and new data types in GBIF. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Integrating event-core and other new and complex data types (data models) in GBIF. Data types inside Darwin Core not yet supported in GBIF. Introduction for starting the discussions at the 10th European GBIF Nodes Meeting in Tallinn Estonia 15th May 2018. See also: http://bit.ly/gbifEu2018_datatypes | http://bit.ly/gbifEu2018_new_datatypes | DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.16667.36641

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip (2018). Event core for measurement or fact data. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Workshop on experiences and use cases for the new Darwin Core Event core and how the standard can be used in Marine and terrestrial contexts. Developing use cases and guidelines on best practices of this new standard.

• Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Finstad, Anders Gravbrøt; Skyttner, Markus & Nilsen, Erlend Birkeland (2018). Scientific reuse of openly published biodiversity information: Programmatic access to and analysis of primary biodiversity information using R. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Scientific use of openly published and aggregated primary biodiversity information is in steady increase. Reuse of open research data and academic data citation is an emerging trend that is prioritized by current research policies, and citation of biodiversity data published through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF.org) shows a steady upward trend. On-going improvements in biodiversity informatics to build support for new data types, such as the recent event-core in GBIF, open up for new uses of GBIF-mediated data. However, many researchers still access biodiversity data in GBIF from the web portal and the advanced machine readable programming interfaces (APIs) remain arguably underutilized. This Oikos 2018 workshop will introduce participants to the GBIF API and stimulate Nordic ecologists and systematists to a more programmatic use of GBIF data. Most examples and training exercises will use the R language and software environment for statistical computing. Scientific workflows with tools such as Galaxy will not be covered in this workshop. However, the interested workshop participant will be gently guided towards further reading material. The workshop is organized by the Norwegian participant node in GBIF (GBIF.no) and the ForBio Research School in Biosystematics (forbio.uio.no), both hosted by the UiO Natural History Museum in Oslo and will take place on Sunday 2018-02-18 and Monday 2018-02-19 at the Oikos conference venue Trondheim. Registration is open for both Oikos 2018 participants and ForBio members. We plan to spend some time to work in groups with hands-on exercises, so please consider bringing your own data and research questions to the workshop. We will also prepare some training datasets for you to work with.

• Puglisi, Giuseppe; Bailo, Daniele; Gehlen, Karsten Peters-von; Bumberger, Jan; Steenbeek, Jeroen & Lange, Otto [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2025). A Framework for Data Readiness (DaReFF). Zenodo. doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.15186741. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Data Readiness Framework was developed in support of the EOSCLIMA proposal by the consortium responding to the call. From the proposal text: "EOSCLIMA will deliver a Data Readiness and FAIRness Framework (DaReFF) to support researchers contributing to the adaptation to climate change in understanding, adopting, and capitalising on FAIR and open data practices. [...] The framework allows assessment of the FAIRness and the readiness level of research data from a publication-, reproducibility-, analysis-, decision- (and machine-processing readiness) perspective [...]. It helps the researchers identify shortcomings in terms of FAIR and open data practices and provides them with suggestions in terms of tools that can be adopted to fill such gaps. Finally, it also helps the researchers in documenting the benefits of using FAIR and open data practices as the new norm."

• Hovstad, Knut Anders; Sommerli, Sindre Lysfjord; Endresen, Dag; Endrestøl, Anders; Fossøy, Frode & Heimstad, Ragnhild [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2024). Kartlegging av artar og dataflyt for artsdata i Noreg - ei konseptutredning. Artsdatabanken. ISSN 9788292838686. doi: 10.48387/ARTSKARTLEGGING2024. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  I arbeidet med konseptutredninga, har ein drøfta i kor stor grad ein skal detaljere beskrivingar av feltmetodikk. Variasjon mellom artar og ulike kartleggingsformål krev variasjon i kartleggingsmetodikk. Konseptutredninga vil ikkje kunne gi detaljerte svar på alle metodiske utfordringar, men gir eit metodisk rammeverk der fleire av elementa vil vere vesentlege bidrag til både å heve nivået og standardisere artskartlegging i Noreg.

• Rodrigues, Andrew; Endresen, Dag Terje Filip; Figueira, Rui; Villaverde, Cristina; Vega, Miguel & King, Nick [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2021). Best Practices for Publishing Biodiversity Data from Environmental Impact Assessments. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This guide aims to help practitioners, consultants and other Interested & Affected Parties (I&APs) working with environmental impact assessments to improve the curation, archiving and management of primary biodiversity data captured during EIA processes and to share data freely and openly in standardized, accessible and interoperable formats through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). I&APs are encouraged to share the most detailed data possible, to support knowledge about species distributions and provide baseline data for future assessment.

• Finstad, Anders Gravbrøt; Boer, Hugo de; Brurberg, May Bente; Dahle, Geir; Edgar, Kristin Skarsfjord & Eiler, Alexander [Show all 25 contributors for this article] (2020). Kriterier for lagring av miljø-DNA prøver og data, herunder henvisning til referansemateriale. Criteria for depositing eDNA samples and data, including vouchered specimens. Miljødirektoratet. Full text in Research Archive
• Palme, Anna; Fitzgerald, Heli; Weibull, Jens; Bjureke, Kristina; Eisto, Kaija & Endresen, Dag Terje Filip [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2019). Nordic Crop Wild Relative conservation: A report from two collaborative projects 2015–2019. Nordisk ministerråd. ISSN 9789289361859. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The report summarizes results from a cooperation among all the Nordic countries during the period 2015 – 2019 (two projects). The work has focused on the conservation of Crop Wild Relatives (CWR), i.e. wild plant species closely related to crops. They are of special importance to humanity since traits of potential value for food security and climate change adaptation can be transferred from CWR into crops. The projects represent the first joint action on the Nordic level regarding in situ conservation of CWR. Substantial progress has been made regarding CWR conservation planning, including development of a Nordic CWR checklist and identification of suitable sites for CWR conservation. A set of recommended future actions was developed, with the most important one being initiation of active in situ conservation of CWR in all Nordic countries.

• Yndgaard, Flemming; Solberg, Svein Øivind; Asdal, Åsmund; Bothmer, Roland von; Brodal, Guro & Carlson-Nilsson, Ulrika [Show all 20 contributors for this article] (2019). 40 Years of Nordic Collaboration in Plant Genetic Resources. Nordic Genetic Resource Center. ISSN 9789198151091. Full text in Research Archive

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