Reidar Elven

• Sandvik, Hanno; Hilmo, Olga; Henriksen, Snorre; Elven, Reidar; Åsen, Per Arvid; Hegre, Hanne; Pedersen, Oddvar; Pedersen, Per Anker; Solstad, Heidi; Vandvik, Vigdis; Westergaard, Kristine Bakke; Ødegaard, Frode; Åström, Sandra Charlotte Helene; Elven, Hallvard; Endrestøl, Anders; Gammelmo, Øivind; Hatteland, Bjørn Arild; Solheim, Halvor; Nordén, Björn; Sundheim, Leif; Talgø, Venche; Falkenhaug, Tone; Gulliksen, Bjørn; Jelmert, Anders; Oug, Eivind; Sundet, Jan Henry; Forsgren, Elisabet; Finstad, Anders Gravbrøt; Hesthagen, Trygve H.; Nedreaas, Kjell Harald; Wienerroither, Rupert; Husa, Vivian; Fredriksen, Stein; Sjøtun, Kjersti; Steen, Henning; Hansen, Haakon; Hamnes, Inger Sofie; Karlsbakk, Egil; Magnusson, Christer; Ytrehus, Bjørnar; Pedersen, Hans Christian; Swenson, Jon; Syvertsen, Per Ole; Stokke, Bård Gunnar; Gjershaug, Jan Ove; Dolmen, Dag; Kjærstad, Gaute; Johnsen, Stein Ivar; Jensen, Thomas Correll; Hassel, Kristian & Gederaas, Lisbeth (2020). Alien species in Norway: results from quantitative ecological impact assessments. Ecological Solutions and Evidence.  ISSN 2688-8319.  1 . doi: 10.1002/2688-8319.12006 Vis sammendrag

  1. Due to globalisation, trade and transport, the spread of alien species is increasing dramatically. Some alien species become ecologically harmful by threatening native biota. This can lead to irreversible changes in local biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, and, ultimately, to biotic homogenisation. 2. We risk-assessed all alien plants, animals, fungi and algae, within certain delimitations, that are known to reproduce in Norway. Mainland Norway and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard plus Jan Mayen were treated as separate assessment areas. Assessments followed the Generic Ecological Impact Assessment of Alien Species (GEIAA) protocol, which uses a fully quantitative set of criteria. 3. A total of 1519 species were risk-assessed, of which 1183 were species reproducing in mainland Norway. Among these, 9% were assessed to have a severe impact, 7% high impact, 7% potentially high impact, and 49% low impact, whereas 29% had no known impact. In Svalbard, 16 alien species were reproducing, one of which with a severe impact. 4. The impact assessments also covered 319 so-called door-knockers, i.e. species that are likely to establish in Norway within 50 years, and 12 regionally alien species. Of the door-knockers, 8% and 10% were assessed to have a severe and high impact, respectively. 5. The impact category of most species was driven by negative interactions with native species, transformation of threatened ecosystems, or genetic contamination. The proportion of alien species with high or severe impact varied significantly across the different pathways of introduction, taxonomic groups, time of introduction, and the environments colonised, but not across continents of origin. 6. Given the large number of alien species reproducing in Norway and the preponderance of species with low impact, it is neither realistic nor necessary to eradicate all of them. Our results can guide management authorities in two ways. First, the use of quantitative assessment criteria facilitates the prioritisation of management resources across species. Second, the background information collected for each species, such as introduction pathways, area of occupancy and ecosystems affected, helps designing appropriate management measures.

• Sandvik, Hanno; Dolmen, Dag; Elven, Reidar; Falkenhaug, Tone; Forsgren, Elisabet; Hansen, Haakon; Hassel, Kristian; Husa, Vivian; Kjærstad, Gaute; Ødegaard, Frode; Pedersen, Hans Christian; Solheim, Halvor; Stokke, Bård Gunnar; Åsen, Per Arvid; Åström, Sandra; Brandrud, Tor Erik; Elven, Hallvard; Endrestøl, Anders; Finstad, Anders Gravbrøt; Fredriksen, Stein; Gammelmo, Øivind; Gjershaug, Jan Ove; Gulliksen, Bjørn; Hamnes, Inger; Hatteland, Bjørn Arild; Hegre, Hanne; Hesthagen, Trygve; Jelmert, Anders; Jensen, Thomas C; Johnsen, Stein Ivar; Karlsbakk, Egil; Magnusson, Christer; Nedreaas, Kjell; Nordén, Björn; Oug, Eivind; Pedersen, Oddvar; Pedersen, Per Anker; Sjøtun, Kjersti; Skei, Jon Kristian; Solstad, Heidi; Sundheim, Leif; Swenson, Jon E; Syvertsen, Per Ole; Talgø, Venche; Vandvik, Vigdis; Westergaard, Kristine B; Wienerroither, Rupert; Ytrehus, Bjørnar; Hilmo, Olga; Henriksen, Snorre & Gederaas, Lisbeth (2019). Alien plants, animals, fungi and algae in Norway: an inventory of neobiota. Biological Invasions.  ISSN 1387-3547.  21(10), s 2997- 3012 . doi: 10.1007/s10530-019-02058-x Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  We present the results of an inventory and status assessment of alien species in Norway. The inventory covered all known multicellular neobiota, 2496 in total, 1039 of which were classified as naturalised. The latter constitute c. 3% of all species known to be stably reproducing in Norway. These figures are higher than expected from Norway’s latitude, which may be due a combination of climatic and historical factors, as well as sampling effort. Most of the naturalised neobiota were plants (71%),followed by animals (21%) and fungi (8%). The main habitat types colonised were open lowlands (79%), urban environments (52%) and woodlands (42%). The main areas of origin were Europe (67%), North America (15%) and Asia (13%). For most taxa, the rate of novel introductions seems to have been increasing during recent decades. Within Norway, the number of alien species recorded per county was negatively correlated with latitude and positively correlated with human population density. In the high-Arctic territories under Norwegian sovereignty, i.e. Svalbard and Jan Mayen, 104 alien species were recorded, of which 5 were naturalised.

• Sandvik, Hanno; Hilmo, Olga; Finstad, Anders Gravbrøt; Hegre, Hanne; Moen, Toril Loennechen; Rafoss, Trond; Skarpaas, Olav; Elven, Reidar; Sandmark, Helge & Gederaas, Lisbeth (2019). Generic ecological impact assessment of alien species (GEIAA): the third generation of assessments in Norway. Biological Invasions.  ISSN 1387-3547.  21(9), s 2803- 2810 . doi: 10.1007/s10530-019-02033-6 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  The Generic Ecological Impact Assessment of Alien Species (GEIAA) is described. It comprises a set of criteria and an assessment procedure. The set of criteria consists of three criteria that quantify invasion potential, and six criteria that capture the ecological effects of alien species. The threshold values for all criteria are numerically defined, rendering the set of criteria fully quantitative. Genericity is ensured by using criteria that are applicable to all taxonomic groups and in all habitats. In being generic, quantitative, ecological and normatively neutral, the criteria were inspired by the international Red List criteria. Capturing both invasion potential and effect, GEIAA can be regarded as a full ecological impact assessment. The assessment procedure contains guidelines on documentation, the collection of background information, the handling of uncertainty, and quality assurance. GEIAA represents the second revision, and thus the third generation, of assessment methodology in Norway. It has recently been used to carry out more than 2500 impact assessments of alien species in Norway and Sweden.

• Birkeland, Siri; Skjetne, Idunn Elisabeth Borgen; Brysting, Anne Krag; Elven, Reidar & Alsos, Inger Greve (2017). Living on the edge: conservation genetics of seven thermophilous plant species in a high Arctic archipelago. AoB Plants.  ISSN 2041-2851.  9(1) . doi: 10.1093/aobpla/plx001 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Elven, Reidar; Pedersen, Anne Tiril Myhre & Bjorå, Charlotte Sletten (2017). The nomenclature of two hybrid taxa in Carex sect. Vesicariae (Cyperaceae) currently assigned as Carex rostrata var. borealis and Carex stenolepis. Phytotaxa.  ISSN 1179-3155.  324(1), s 63- 72 . doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.324.1.4 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Pedersen, Anne Tiril Myhre; Nowak, Michael; Brysting, Anne Krag; Elven, Reidar & Bjorå, Charlotte Sletten (2016). Hybrid Origins of Carex rostrata var. borealis and C. stenolepis, Two Problematic Taxa in Carex section Vesicariae (Cyperaceae). PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  11(10), s 1- 18 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165430 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Vandvik, Vigdis; Elven, Reidar & Töpper, Joachim Paul (2016). Seedling recruitment in subalpine grassland forbs: Predicting field regeneration behaviour from lab germination responses. Botany.  ISSN 1916-2790.  95(1), s 73- 88 . doi: 10.1139/cjb-2016-0022
• Alsos, Inger Greve; Ehrich, Dorothee; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Solstad, Heidi Merethe; Westergaard, Kristine Bakke; Schonswetter, Peter; Tribsch, Andreas; Birkeland, Siri; Elven, Reidar & Brochmann, Christian (2015). Long-distance plant dispersal to North Atlantic islands: colonization routes and founder effect. AoB Plants.  ISSN 2041-2851.  7(1), s 1- 19 . doi: 10.1093/aobpla/plv036 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Long-distance dispersal (LDD) processes influence the founder effect on islands.We use genetic data for 25 Atlantic species and similarities among regional floras to analyse colonization, and test whether the genetic founder effect on five islands is associated with dispersal distance, island size and species traits. Most species colonized postglacially via multiple dispersal events from several source regions situated 280 to .3000 km away, and often not from the closest ones. A strong founder effect was observed for insect-pollinated mixed maters, and it increased with dispersal distance and decreased with island size in accordance with the theory of island biogeography. Only a minor founder effect was observed for wind-pollinated outcrossing species. Colonization patterns were largely congruent, indicating that despite the importance of stochasticity, LDD is mainly determined by common factors, probably dispersal vectors. Our findings caution against a priori assuming a single, close source region in biogeographic analyses. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP); dispersal vector; founder effect; genetic diversity; islands; long-distance dispersal (LDD); postglacial; species traits.

• Alsos, Inger Greve; Ware, Christopher & Elven, Reidar (2015). Past Arctic aliens have passed away, current ones may stay. Biological Invasions.  ISSN 1387-3547.  17(11), s 3113- 3123 . doi: 10.1007/s10530-015-0937-9 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Solstad, Heidi; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Little, Lorna & Elven, Reidar (2014). To valmue-arter på Svalbard, og litt om fjell- og polarvalmuer. Blyttia : Norsk botanisk forenings tidsskrift.  ISSN 0006-5269.  72(3), s 187- 196 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Willerslev, E; Davison, J; Moora, M; Zobel, M; Coissac, E; Edwards, ME; Lorenzen, ED; Vestergård, M; Gussarova, Galina; Haile, J; Craine, J; Gielly, L; Boessenkool, Sanne; Epp, Laura; Pearman, PB; Cheddadi, R; Murray, D; Bråthen, Kari Anne; Yoccoz, Nigel Gilles; Binney, H; Cruaud, C; Wincker, P; Goslar, T; Alsos, Inger Greve; Bellemain, Eva; Brysting, Anne Krag; Elven, Reidar; Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik; Murton, J; Sher, A; Rasmussen, M; Rønn, R; Mourier, T; Cooper, A; Austin, J; Moller, P; Froese, D; Zazula, Grant; Pompanon, F; Rioux, D; Niderkorn, Vincent; Tikhonov, A; Savvinov, G; Roberts, RG; Macphee, RDE; Gilbert, MTP; Kjær, KH; Orlando, L; Brochmann, Christian & Taberlet, P (2014). Fifty thousand years of Arctic vegetation and megafaunal diet. Nature.  ISSN 0028-0836.  506(7486), s 47- 51 . doi: 10.1038/nature12921
• Danielsen, Anders & Elven, Reidar (2013). Calla palustris L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 92-94
• Danielsen, Anders & Elven, Reidar (2013). Cicuta virosa L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 152 - 155
• Danielsen, Anders & Elven, Reidar (2013). Rhododendron tomentosum (Stokes) Harmaja, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 336 - 339
• Danielsen, Anders & Elven, Reidar (2013). Scheuchzeria palustris L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 386 - 387
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Alchemilla oxyodonta (Buser) C.G. Westerl, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  1.  s 43 - 45
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Alchemilla propinqua H.Lindb. ex Juz, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 45 - 47
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Alchemilla subglobosa C.G.Westerl, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 47 - 49
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Alchemilla taernaënsis Hyl. ex Ericsson & S.Hellq, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 49 - 50
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Alnus incana (L.) Moench subsp. kolaënsis (Orlova) Á.Löve & D.Löve, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 54 - 57
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Alopecurus aequalis Sobol, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 57 - 59
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Alopecurus pratensis L. subsp. alpestris (Wahlenb.) Selander, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 61 - 63
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Arctophila fulva (Trin.) Andersson, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 64 - 66
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Atriplex lapponica Pojark, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 71 - 72
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Betula pendula Roth var. lapponica (Lindq.) Hämet-Ahti, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 75 - 76
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Butomus umbellatus L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 80 - 81
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Calamagrostis chalybaea (Laest.) Fr, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 84 - 86
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Calamagrostis lapponica (Wahlenb.) Hartm, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 86 - 90
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Calamagrostis neglecta (Ehrh.) P.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 90 - 92
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Callitriche cophocarpa Sendtn, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 95 - 97
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex acuta L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 99 - 101
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex aquatilis Wahlenb, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 103 - 107
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex bergrothii Palmgr, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 107 - 109
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 109 - 111
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex cespitosa L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 111 - 115
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex jemtlandica (Palmgr.) Palmgr, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 123 - 125
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex lapponica O.Lang, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 125 - 127
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex laxa Wahlenb, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 127 - 129
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex media R.Br, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 132 - 134
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex rotundata Wahlenb, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 139 - 141
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex stylosa C.A.Mey, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 141 - 143
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Carex tenuiflora Wahlenb, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 143 - 145
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 149 - 151
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv. subsp. glauca (Hartm.) Hartm, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 171 - 172
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Diphasiastrum complanatum (L.) Holub, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 174 - 178
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Draba cinerea Adams, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 180 - 182
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Eleocharis mamillata H.Lindb. subsp. austriaca (Hayek) Strandhede, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 187 - 189
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. palustris, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 189 - 190
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Elymus fibrosus (Schrenk) Tzvelev, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 192 - 194
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Elymus mutabilis (Drobow) Tzvelev, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 194 - 196
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Epilobium laestadii Kytöv, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 196 - 198
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Eriophorum brachyantherum Trautv. & C.A.Mey, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 200 - 201
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Eriophorum x medium Andersson, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 203 - 205
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Eurybia sibirica (L.) G.L.Nesom, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 210 - 212
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Gentianella amarella (L.) Börner, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 215 - 217
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Gentianopsis detonsa (Rottb.) Ma, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 217 - 219
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Gymnocarpium continentale (Petrov) Pojark, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 223 - 225
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Hierochloë hirta (Schrank) Borbás, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 227 - 229
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Hierochloë odorata (L.) Wahlenb, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 229 - 232
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Hippuris lanceolata Retz, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 232 - 235
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Hippuris tetraphylla L.f, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 235 - 236
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Juncus gerardii Loisel. subsp. atrofuscus (Rupr.) Printz, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 240 - 241
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Lathyrus palustris L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 245 - 248
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Lycopodium annotinum L. subsp. alpestre (Hartm.) Á. & D.Löve, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 250 - 252
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Lycopodium clavatum L. subsp. monostachyon (Grev. & Hook.) Selander, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 252 - 254
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Moehringia lateriflora (L.) Fenzl, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 254 - 255
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Mulgedium sibiricum (L.) Cass. ex Less, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 257 - 258
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Myosotis decumbens Host, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 258 - 261
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Myriophyllum sibiricum Kom, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 264 - 266
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Myriophyllum verticillatum L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 266 - 268
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Oxytropis deflexa (Pall.) DC, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 273 - 275
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Persicaria foliosa (H.Lindb.) Kitag, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 280 - 282
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Poa palustris L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 291 - 293
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Potamogeton perfoliatus L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 304 - 305
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Potamogeton praelongus Wulfen, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 305 - 307
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Potentilla anserina L. subsp. groenlandica Tratt, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 309 - 311
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Primula nutans Georgi, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 311 - 314
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Primula stricta Hornem, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 314 - 316
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Puccinellia finmarchica Elven & Borgen ined, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 317 - 319
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Puccinellia phryganodes (Trin.) Scribn. & Merr, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 319 - 321
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Pyrola rotundifolia L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 326 - 328
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Ranunculus confervoides (Fr.) Fr, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 328 - 331
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Ranunculus peltatus Schrank, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 331 - 334
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Ranunculus subborealis Tzvelev subsp. subborealis, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 334 - 336
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Ribes nigrum L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 339 - 342
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Rubus arcticus L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 347 - 350
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Rumex acetosa L. subsp. lapponicus (Hiitonen) Czernov s. lat, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 350 - 352
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Rumex aquaticus L, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 352 - 356
• Elven, Reidar (2013). Rumex graminifolius Rudolph ex Lamb, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  kapittel.  s 356 - 358

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• Elven, Reidar & Fremstad, Eli (2018). Salix - vier, selje og pil i Norge. NTNU Vitenskapsmuseet.  ISBN 978-82-8322-153-4.  715 s.

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• Bjorå, Charlotte Sletten; Nordal, Inger & Elven, Reidar (2016, 01. februar). Tidenes første panarktiske Flora. [Fagblad].  Apollon.
• Alsos, Inger Greve; Ehrich, Dorothee; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Tribsch, Andreas; Schonswetter, Peter; Westergaard, Kristine Bakke; Gielly, Ludovic; Sjogren, Per; Coissac, Eric; Edwards, Mary E.; Solstad, Heidi; Elven, Reidar & Brochmann, Christian (2015). Colonization of Arctic islands revealed by modern and ancient DNA analyses.
• Grundt, Hanne H.; Brysting, Anne Krag & Elven, Reidar (2015). Storlind Tilia platyphyllos i Østfold og Norge: Rød eller svart?. Blyttia : Norsk botanisk forenings tidsskrift.  ISSN 0006-5269.  73, s 13- 22
• Alsos, Inger Greve; Ehrich, Dorothee; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Pellisier, Loic; Tribsch, Andreas; Schonswetter, Peter; Westergaard, Kristine Bakke; Gielly, Ludovic; Sjogren, Per; Coissac, Eric; Edwards, Mary E.; Solstad, Heidi; Elven, Reidar & Brochmann, Christian (2014). Effects of past and future climate change on plant colonization of arctic Islands.
• Alsos, Inger Greve; Ehrich, Dorothee; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Pellisier, Löic; Tribsch, Andreas; Schonswetter, Peter; Westergaard, Kristine Bakke; Gielly, Ludovic; Sjogren, Per; Coissac, Eric; Edwards, Mary E.; Solstad, Heidi; Elven, Reidar & Brochmann, Christian (2014). Effects of past and future climate change on plant colonization of arctic islands.
• Alsos, Inger Greve; Ehrich, Dorothee; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Schonswetter, Peter; Tribsch, Andreas; Westergaard, Kristine Bakke; Gielly, Ludovic; Coissac, Eric; Edwards, Mary E.; Solstad, Heidi; Elven, Reidar; Brochmann, Christian; Sjogren, Per & Pellisier, Löic (2014). Effects of past and future climate change on plant colonization in the Arctic: insights gained from phylogeography, species distribution modelling and ancient DNA.
• Alm, Torbjørn & Elven, Reidar (2013). Allium schoenoprasum L. northern race, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  2.2 Species descriptions.  s 52 - 54
• Alm, Torbjørn & Elven, Reidar (2013). Picea abies (L.) H. Karst, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  2.2 Species descriptions.  s 282 - 286
• Alm, Torbjørn & Elven, Reidar (2013). Stellaria fennica (Murb.) Perfil, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  2.2 Species descriptions.  s 398 - 399
• Alm, Torbjørn & Elven, Reidar (2013). Veratrum lobelianum Bernh. ex Schard, In Reidar Elven; Eli Fremstad & Oddvar Pedersen (ed.),  Distribution maps of Norwegian vascular plants. IV The eastern and northeastern elements.  Akademika forlag.  ISBN 978-82-321-0246-4.  2.2 Species descriptions.  s 438 - 440

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